| A | B |
|---|
| State prominence over local rule | Dillon's Rule |
| The city can do something without having to wait for state approval if it's not major | Home rule |
| Home rule where the city has a lot of power | Broad Functional home rule |
| Home rule where the city has some decision power but not a whole lot | Limited Functional home rule |
| Home rule where the city only has the ability to decide structure | Structural home rule |
| municipal system where the city council does most of the work | weak mayor |
| system where elected officials decide among themselves who will run each department | commission government |
| system where one person is legislative and the other is more ceremonial | council-manager |
| person responsible for bringing Irish into the Democratic party | Andrew Jackson |
| The Whig Party split into this party in 1852, which added to the discrimination of blacks | Know-Nothing |
| Reason the Irish didn't support abolition | They said the people in Ireland were wrose off than slaves...and the pay freedman would receive would put them in the same spot as slaves |
| Party the Italian-Americans initially affiliated with | GOP |
| Reason Jewish Americans affiliated with the Democrats | New Deal |
| Reason Jewish were less dependent on patronage | They knew what they were doing (better educated) and didn't need the help machines gave |
| Irish who came into power and got O'Prince elected to be a puppet, and got first Roman catholic elected | Patrick McGuire |
| Why Irish stopped playing passive role in Boston politics | Generations later, didn't feel like they were guests anymore |
| Machines are very powerful with this governmental system | weak mayors |
| helps the intense needs of immigrants in exchange for votes | block captains |
| organization controlling significant number of patronage jobs and other material incentives | machine |
| what do strong mayor, council-manager, commission have in common? | governmental structures hurting machines |
| why the New Deal hurt machines | people didn't need the services machines provided anymore |
| this form of politics is beneficial for the city as a whole, not based on patronage | rational |
| why Curley couldn't vote for himself | He was in jail for taking exams people need to vote--"he did it for a friend" |
| name Curley got from Chicago Puerto Rican delegation so he could be their chairman, vote for his presidential candidate | Alcalde Jaime Miguel Curleo |
| mayor in Boston big on public works projects | Curley |
| 1928 realignment of Italian-Americans result of | nomination of Al Smith |
| coalition where you recruit a base to vote | electoral |
| coalition where you get your inner circle to govern/do work | governmental |
| what helps get blacks and Hispanics elected | district-based elections |
| why Hispanic incorporation in Miami is not associated with liberal coalitions | they vote Republican |
| group mobilization/demand & protest/appointments and minority representation/government responsiveness | interest group activism |
| group mobilization/electoral activity/group representation and incorporation | electoral activism |
| mayor who made racial slurs, and held a referendum when he was term limited | Rizzo |
| mayor who is known for the Move incident | Goode |
| Miami/Dade unique system--2 tier, council-manager govt, non-partisan elections...difficult for blacks and hispanics to get elected | Metropolitan Government (1st ever) |
| this group came to America already very politically active in their home country, left for political reasons | Cuban Americans |
| reforms over how the government is strucured | Structural reforms |
| reforms over laws | Social reforms |
| elections that are good for minorities | district-based |
| provision helping voter registration that allows people to register to vote when they get their license | motor voter law |
| system where a few people sit on a bunch of boards | Elitist model |
| system with groups/circles of power concentration | Pluralist |
| mayor who doesn't want power and doesn't have it (DC) | ceremonial |
| mayor who wants power but doesn't have it (Emmanuel in Chicago) | crusader |
| mayor who has lots of power but doesn't really use it (Boston) | caretaker |
| mayor who has power and uses it (Bloomberg) | strong |
| economy where white collar employment is more important | service-based |
| industries centered around computers/medical equipment/lasers, etc | sunrise |
| industries centered around auto, steel, manufacturing of tvs, radios etc | sunset |
| cities where it's hard to tell when you're in the city versus the suburbs | sunbelt |
| way to correct disparities between districts in terms of resources for the public schools | equalization aid |
| solution to fragmentation that involves more or less creating one big government | city-county consolidation |
| COGs--bring together top municiple leaders to talk about stuff | Councils of Government (COG) |
| highway and rail projects, planning of transportation; 1991, Bush | IS TEA--Inter Surface Transportation Efficiency Act |
| strong mayor who is a symbolic leader | county executive |
| cars, new road/residential technology/construction, cultural dislike for big cities are | factors for suburbanization |
| Ways the fed govt stimulated suburbanization | Fed Highway Act, Fed Housing Admin, Veterans Admin |
| voluntary associations of local metropolitan governments | councils of government |
| system where there's no local government | unitary |
| "layer cake federalism"--only limited authority to national government | dual federalism |
| "marble cake federalism"--intermeshed authority, strong sharing of responsibilities | cooperative federalism |
| Significance about 1920s | first time majority of people lived in citiies |
| grants given to city by federal government, bypassing states | direct federalism |
| money given with specific, narrow purposes and little discretion for states to use | categorical |
| money given with increased discretion, must be a similar 'genre' | block grants |
| money given with no strings attached | revenue-sharing |
| department created by President Johnson | Department of Housing & Urban Development |
| Grants that enable low income people to buy the unit they live in in the projects | HOPE--Home Ownership Opportunity for People Everywhere |
| giving money to cities so they can fix stuff themselves and show off how well the federal government assistance works | Model cities |
| similar to federal savings bonds, but local, and mature in five years | municiple bonds |
| Supreme court holds that if you can't prove intent to discriminate, it's not illegal | Holder v. Hall |
| suburbs that are very similar to the city they're adjacent to | disaster suburbs |
