| A | B |
|---|
| azoto | nitrogenous waste |
| bacterio | bacteria |
| cysto | urinary bladder |
| glomerulo | glomerulus |
| glycoso | sugar, glucose |
| ketono | ketones |
| litho | stone |
| meato | meatus |
| nephro | kidney |
| nocti | night |
| oligo | scanty |
| pyelo | renal pelvis |
| reno | kidney |
| uro | urine |
| uretero | ureter |
| urethro | urethra |
| urino | urine |
| -lith | stone |
| -lithiasis | condition of stones |
| -ptosis | drooping |
| -tripsy | surgical crushing |
| -uria | condition of the urine |
| nephron | functional unit of the kidney |
| ureter | transports urine to the bladder |
| urethra | transports urine out of the body |
| renal cortex | outer shell of the kidney |
| renal medulla | inner area of the kidney |
| hilum | central concave area of the kidney |
| renal artery and renal vein | enter the kidney at the hilum |
| renal papilla | tip of each renal pyramid |
| renal pyramid | opens into a calyx |
| renal calyces | continuous with the renal pelvis |
| afferent arteriole | brings blood to the glomerulus |
| efferent arteriole | carries blood from the glomerulus |
| glomerulus | functional unit of the nephron |
| bowman's capsule | encases the glomerulus |
| rugae | folds in the bladder |
| urinary meatus | external opening for urinating |
| filtration | filtering of particles in the nephron |
| reabsorption | water and nutrients return to capillaries |
| secreton | finished urine passes through tubules |
| specific gravity | dissolved substances in urine |
| azotemia | nitrogenous waste in bloodstream |
| calculus | stone formation in an organ |
| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine |
| frequency | abnormal urge to urinate |
| micturition or voiding | terms for urination |
| renal colic | pain caused by a kidney stone |
| stricture | narrowing of a urinary passage |
| uremia | accumulation of waste in blood |
| catheter | tube inserted for moving fluids |
| glomerulonephritis | inflammation of the kidney (glomerulus) |
| nephrolithiasis | calculi in the kidney |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
| renal failure | kidney unable to filter wastes |
| cystocele | hernia of bladder ino vagina |
| urinary tract infection (UTI) | bacterial infection of the urinary system |
| blood urea nitrogen | blood test measuring kidney function |
| urinalysis | lab test to examine urine |
| cystography | dye injected to x-ray bladder |
| cystoscopy | visual exam of the bladder |
| catheterization | tube inserted to withdraw urine |
| hemodialysis | machine used to filter blood |
| peritoneal dialysis | solution used to filter blood |
| lithotripsy | crushing stones |
| nephrolithotomy | surgical removal of kidney stones |
| renal transplant | placement of a donor kidney |
| antibiotic | treats urinary bacterial infections |
| antispasmodic | reduces bladder spasms |
| diuretic | increases the volume of urine |
| preeclampsia | excess protein in urine during pregnancy |
