| A | B |
|---|
| eukaryotic | cells with organelles |
| exocytosis | active transport bringing big things out of the cell |
| fermentation | anaerobic process of breaking down food into CO2 |
| flagella | long tail like structures that aid in movement of cells |
| fluid mosaic model | description of cell membrane that describes the proteins that are in the cell membrane, helps with transport |
| food chain | series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten, begins with producer |
| food web | network of complex interactions of the feeding relationship among organisms in ecosystem |
| Franklin, Wilkins | took X ray photographs of DNA |
| fungi | kingdom consisting of eukaryotic unicellular or multicellular heterotrophs |
| gene | the factor that controls traits |
| genotype | the alleles that an organism carries |
| genus | a group of closely related species |
| glycerol and fatty acids | monomers of lipids |
| haploid | cells such as gametes which contain one chromosome from each pair |
| herbivores | consumers that eat only plants |
| heredity | the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring |
| heterotrophs | organisms that get their energy from their food |
| heterozygous | having 2 different alleles for a trait |
| homeostasis | biological balance with the cell's surrounding environment |
| homozygous | having 2 identical alleles for a trait |
| Hooke | first person to use word "cell" when he saw cork under microscope |
| hydrophilic | portion of the cell that is water loving |
| hydrophobic | portion of the cell membrane that is water fearing |
| hypertonic | the area inside or outside of cell that has a higher concentration of solute |
| hypothesis | educated guess |
| hypotonic | the area inside or outside of cell that has a lower concentration of solute |
| insertion | mutation in which an extra base is added |
| iodine test | test used to detect presence of starches |
| isotonic | biological balance with the cell's surrounding environment |
| kinetic energy | energy in motion |
| Linnaeus | scientist who created the classification system we use today |
| lipids | biomolecule which creates membranes and stores energy long term |
| lysosome | cytoplasmic organelle which digests |
| meiosis | formation of 4 haploid sex cells |
| Mendel | Austrian monk who developed rules of genetics |
| mitochondria | location of respiration |
| mitosis | nuclear division |
| monera | kingdom consisting of prokaryotic unicellular heterotrophs or autotrophs |
| monohybrid cross | a cross between 2 organisms that differ in only one trait |
| monosaccharides | monomer of carbohydrates |
| mutations | mistakes in the sequence of DNA |
| mutualism | both species are benefitted |
| nuclear membrane | double membrane which separates cytoplasm from nucleoplasm |
| nucleolus | ball of fibers in the nucleus which produces ribosomes |
| nucleotide | monomer for DNA and RNA;contains 1 sugar, 1 base, 1 phosphate |
| omnivors | consumers that eat both plants and meat |
| organ | a group of different tissues that work together to perform specific functions |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together and perform specific connected tasks |
| osmosis | movement of water molecules through the cell membrane without using energy |
| parasitism | one species lives in or on another species and harms it |
| passive transport | transport of substances through the cell membrane without using energy |
| peptide bond | bond that connects 2 amino acids |
| phenotype | the visible traits of an organism |
| phospholipid bilayer | structure of cell membrane |
| photosynthesis | process in which autotrophs use light energy to convert CO2 and H2O into food and oxygen |
| plantae | kingdom consisting of eukaryotic multicellular autotrophs |
| pollen | tiny grains containing the male plant gamete |
