| A | B |
|---|
| active transport | movement of a particle through a membrane against a concentration gradient with the use of energy from ATP |
| cell surface marker | membrane protein of a cell that distinguishes it from other cells and foreign matter |
| equilibrum | state in a chemical reaction when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal |
| hypertonic | describes a solution with a higher concentration of solute molecules than the solution across a selectively permeable membrane |
| osmosis | movement of water through a membrane from area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| phospholipid | organic molecule in the plasma membrane of a cell |
| selectively permeable | condition in which the plasma allows the passage of some solutes but not others |
| cell surface protein | protein within a cell's plama membrane |
| diffusion | movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
| exocytosis | releasing materials outside a cell by discharge from waste vacuoles |
| sodium-potassium pump | membrane channel through which sodium ions are exchanged with potassium ions, creating an abundance of sodium ions outside the cell |
| passive transport | movement of substance through a cell membrane without the expediture of cellular energy |
| pinocytosis | uptake of extracellular fluid by a cell using small vesicles derived from the plasma membrane |
| solution | homogeneous mixture of two or more subtances |
| channel | cell surface proteins that loop back and forth through membrane bilayer |
| receptor | special protein on the cells' surface that matches particular molecules in the cell's surroundings, causing the cell to respond in a particular way |
| faciliated diffusion | transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier molecules |
| isotonic | describes solutions with equal solute concentrations on either side of a seletively permeable membrane |
| phagocytosis | process by which cellular of fragmentary organic matter is engulfed by a cell |
| solute | component of a solution in the greater amount |
