| A | B |
|---|
| erythrocytes | red blood cells are also called ___________ |
| iron | hemoglobin is a protein that contains _________ |
| liver | red blood cells are eliminated in the spleen and _________ |
| hemophilia | a bleeding disorder that results due to a lack of clotting factors |
| anemia | decreased oxygen carrying ability of the body |
| leukemia | large numbers of immature white blood cells are produced |
| sickle cell anemia | red blood cells are crescent shaped |
| O | when neither anti-A nor anti-B clots on a blood plate, the blood type is ________ |
| red bone marrow | the main site of blood cell formation throughout adult life |
| plasma | the main component of blood |
| arteries | carry blood away from the heart |
| capillaries | blood vessels that permit the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells |
| systolic | the top number in a blood pressure reading |
| brachial | the artery generally used to determine blood pressure in the arm |
| carotid | the artery generally used to determine a pulse in the wrist |
| renal | the vein that drains the kidneys |
| gastric | the vein that drains the stomach |
| greater saphenous | the longest superficial vein in the body |
| fever | when the liver and spleen gather up nutrients such as iron and zinc, so that bacteria cannot multiply |
| helper T cell | the cells impaired by AIDS |
| macrophages | engulf bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances in the lymph nodes |
| pathogen | a disease causing organism |
| inflammatory response | the body's second line of defense |
| histamines | the sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes that make a person having allergies feel so miserable result from ____________ |
| memory cells | after having the chicken pox, these cells would remain in the body, enabling it to respond quickly and efficiently to subsequent infections of meeting with the same antigen |
| bone marrow | where B cells develop immunocompetence |
| killer | helper, supressor, and ________ are the types of T cells |
| sking | the most important nonspecific body defense is the ______ |
| youth | when the thymus is most active |
| hippocampus | remembering the words to "Mary Had a Little Lamb" is the job of the _____________ |
| sulci | shallow grooves that give the brain its wrinkled appearance |
| corpus callosum | connects the right and left brain hemispheres |
| peripheral nervous system | consists mainly of cranial and spinal nerves |
| vestibulocochlear | the cranial nerve responsible for listening to music and seasickness |
| olfactory | the cranial nerve responsible for smelling perfume |
| neurotransmitters | the substances released at axonal endings to propagate a nerve impulse across the synapse are called |
| cerebellum | the ____________ controls balance, skeletal muscle activity, and equilibrium |
| frontal | personality, emotional control, intelligence, and problem solving are located in the ____________ lobe |
| central nervous system | the main branches of this are the brain and spinal cord |
| hypothalamus | regulates appetite, water balance, and body temperature |
| medulla oblongata | contains control centers for heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing |
| men | color blindness mainly occurs in _____ |
| throat | the eustachian tube or auditory tube connects the middle ear to the ________ |
| cornea | the only tissue that can be transplanted without worry of rejection because it doesn't have any blood vessels |
| stapes | The three ossicles, in order of their stimulation by auditory stimuli, would be malleus, incus, and _______ |
| retina | the photoreceptors in the eye are found in the ________ |
| sclera | the outer white layer of the eyeball that is also called the fibrous tunic is the _________ |
| prolactin | the hormone responsible for milk production |
| follicle stimulating hormone | the hormone that stimulates follicle development and sperm production |
| thyroxine | major metabolic hormone |
| luteinizing hormone | the hormone that stimulates release of testosterone and estrogen |
| melatonin | the hormone that controls the sleep cycle |
| thymosin | the hormone that programs T lymphocytes |
| glucagon | the hormone that is the antagonist of insulin |
| insulin | the hormone that is necessary if glusose is to be taken up by most cells, released when blood glucose levels rise |
| antidiuretic hormone | the hormone that prevents urine production |
| growth hormone | the main targets of _________ hormone are bone and skeletal muscles |
| epinephrine | another name for adrenaline |
| iodine | the element that is necessary for thyroid function |
| hypothalamus | the part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland |
| water | the main component of urine |
| adipose | the fatty ________ capsule surrounding the kidneys is important because it stabilizes the position of the kidneys by holding them in their normal position |
| kidneys | the ________ regulate blood volume, eliminate nitrogenous wastes, and help regulate blood pressure |
| nephrons | the structural and functional units of the kidneys involved in forming urine |
| tracheotomy | the emergencey procedure needed to be performed in order to provide an alternate route for air to reach the lungs |
| larynx | contains the vocal cords |
| 28 | the respiratory system is developed enough for survival by ____ weeks |
| bronchioles | the smallest of the conducting passageways in the lungs |
| epiglottis | this fails to function properly when food enters the trachea |
| fats | form insulating deposits around body organs and in the subcutaneous integumentary |
| carbohydrates | the most used nutrient for producing the energy-rich ATP |
| cellulose | an indigestible polysaccharide that aids elimination because it adds fiber to the diet is |
| vitamins | most examples of these nutrients, which are found in large amounts in fruits and vegetables, are used as coenzymes |
| protein | meat and fish are rich in ________ |
| carbohydrates | breads and pasta are rich in ______________ |
| esophagus | a food chute and has no digestive role |
| pharynx | a common passageway for food, water, and air |
| stomach | the location of mechanical digestion |
| saliva | ______ moistens food together, contains the enzyme amylase, and has a substance that inhibits bacteria |
| gallbladder | storex excess bile |
| small intestine | the body's major digestive organ |
| water | the large intestine primarily absorbs _________ |
| bile | a fluid released by the liver that is necessary for breaking down large fat globules in the small intestine |
| peristalsis | the propelling mechanism that consists of muscular contractions and aids food passage through the alimentary canal |
| gonads | primary sex organs |
| semen | ______ is composed of sperm and secretions from the prostate, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral gland |
| fallopian tubes | where fertilization usually occurs |
| uterus | the primary function of the _______ is to receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized egg |
