| A | B |
|---|
| Temperature | The measure of average random kinetic energy of all the particles in a system |
| Kelvin | A measure of temperature starting at absolute zero |
| Celsius | A measure of temperature starting at the melting point of water |
| Fixed point | A temperature that is defined by a physical property |
| Microscopic | At the atomic level |
| Macroscopic | Bulk properties of the overall material |
| Internal Energy | The total potential energy and kinetic energy of all particles in a system |
| Kinetic theory | All atoms are vibrating (solids) moving (gas & liquid) and that heating involves increasing the motion. |
| work | Work=ForcexDistance in the direction of the force or PdV |
| phase | State - solid |
| thermal energy | The transfer of energy between two substances |
| conduction | transfer of energy through solid materials by means of the particles passing the enrgy from one to another |
| insulation | Measures taken to reduce conduction |
| convection | Heat transfer when the particles carry the termal energy |
| radiation | The transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic radiation |
| Thermal capacity | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1K |
| latent heat | The energy required to break or form intermolecular forces resulting in a change of state per unit mass |
| specific heat capacity | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mas of a substance by 1K |
| method of mixtures | Method for determining thermal capacity by transferring thermal energy from one object to another. |
| fusion | Change of state between solid and liquid |
| vaporization | Change of state from liquid to gas at the boiling point |
| evaporation | Change of state from liquid to gas at all temperatures at the surface |
| absolute zero | A state where all particles are immobile |
| ideal gas | All collisions are elastic and has no intermolecular forces |
| mole | The SI unit of the amount of substance |
| avogadro constant | 6.02 x 10^23 or the number of particles in TWELVE (12.00000000) gram of Carbon 12 |
| molar mass | The sum of the protons and neutrons in a molecule |
| kinetic model | The idea that we can predict thermal properties from describing the motion of the particles |
