| A | B |
|---|
| Fort Sumter | the first shots of the Civil War were fired here |
| Anaconda Plan | Northern plan to crush the Confederacy |
| First Battle of Bull Run | Also called Manassas, the first major land battle of the Civil War |
| Stonewall Jackson | southern general famous for his coolness under pressure |
| George McClellan | timid commander of the Army of the Potomac, fired by Lincoln for poor results |
| Ulysses S. Grant | Union general given overall command |
| Merrimack | the CSS Virgina, the south's ironclad |
| Monitor | Union ironclad that fought the Merrimack at Hampton Roads |
| Robert E. Lee | brilliant Confederate commader of the Confederate Army- loyal to home state of Virginia |
| Antietam | bloodiest day of the Civil War |
| Emancipation Proclamation | freed slaves in territories in rebellion in 1862 |
| Clara Barton | organizer of the Union's nurse corps and founder of the American Red Cross |
| Gettysburg | site of a three day battle in Pennsylvania, July 1-3, 1863 (a turning point in the war) |
| Vicksburg | fortress on the Mississippi River that was captured by US Grant in 1863 |
| William Tecumseh Sherman | Union general who led a destructive march through Georgia and practiced total warfare |
| Appomattox Courthouse | place where Robert E. Lee surrendered the the Army of Northern Virginia to Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865 |
| Gettysburg Address | Lincoln's speech in 1863 dedicating Gettysburg cemetery and stating Lincoln's war aims- most famous speech done by Lincoln |
| Red Cross | organization set up to ease human suffering |
| John Wilkes Booth | assassin of Abraham Lincoln |
| Total War | All out attacks aimed to completely destroy the enemy's army, its resources, and its people's will to fight (break the spirit of the enemy)Sherman's "March to the Sea" was total war |
| Ironclad | new technology developed during the Civil War- warships covered in iron plates- made wooden ships obsolete- Monitor and Merrimac were examples |
| Grey | main color for the Confederate Uniform |
| Blue | Main color for the Union uniform |
| 1861 to 1865 | Years the Civil War was fought |
| Union | won the Civil War |
| the draft | required military service |
| Border States | States that stayed in the Union, but had slaves |
| Telegraph | used during the Civil War to communicate quickly and clearly |
| West Virginia | Formed in 1863 when it broke away from Virginia (40 counties broke away from Virginia) |
| Hardtack | hard, dry cracker like product |
| Battle of Shiloh | Battle fought in April 1862- nicknamed "The hornets Nest"- fought near Pittsburgh landing, Tennessee |
| Casualty | people wounded, killed , or missing in action during a war |
| Emancipate | to give someone freedom |
| Inflation | overall rise in prices |
| Strong Military leadership | the South's greatest strength |
| Poor military leadership | the Union's greatest weakness |
| Cotton | the South's main export |
| 750,000 | total number of American soldiers that died in the Civil War |
| 11 | number of states that left the Union during the Civil War |
| Grant and Lee | Generals that signed the treaty to end the Civil War |
| Cost of Civil War | bloodiest conflict for US, South's economy destroyed, strained relationship between North and South |
| South | suffered more damage to their property and cities |
| Problems after Civil War | South in ruins, what to do with wounded, what to do with 4 million slaves |
