| A | B |
|---|
| renal failure | decreased excretion of wastes as a result of impaired kidney function |
| hydronephrosis | swelling or distention of the kidney due to a build up of fluid; caused by an obstruction of urine flow |
| polycystic kidney disease | inherited kidney disorder in which the kidneys become enlarged due to multiple cysts |
| renal colic | pain in the kidney area caused by passage of a kidney stone |
| nephrolith | kidney stone |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of kidney stones |
| cystocele | hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall |
| vesicovaginal fistula | an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina |
| urinary incontinence | loss of control over the passage of urine |
| urinary catheterization | passage of a tube through the urethra into the bladder for drainage |
| cystoscopy | visual examination of bladder; looking for tumours, calculi or inflammation |
| diuretic | medication that increases urine output |
| extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy | crushing of a stone using high-energy ultrasonic waves |
| percutaneous nephrolithotomy | surgical removal of a stone |
| hemodialysis | procedure to artificially filter the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function; blood is filtered through a filtering machine |
| renal transplantation | surgical transfer of a kidney from donor to a recipient |
| peritoneal dialysis | filtering wastes from the blood by instilling fluid into the peritoneal cavity |
| ureteroscopy | using a scope to break up and remove a stone in a ureter |
| lymphadenopathy | any disease involving enlargement of the lymph nodes |
| anaphylaxis | a severe, systemic allergic reaction; can be life-threatening |
| allergy skin tests | tests that involve exposing the skin to an allergen and evaluating the response |
| elimination testing | allergy testing that involves removing potential allergens until the allergy symptoms are relieved |
| immunotherapy | treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response |
| antibiotics | medications used to kill or inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms (particularly bacteria) |
| antifungals; antimycotics | medications used to destroy or inhibit the growth of fungi |
| antivirals | medicatins used to treat viral infections or provide temporary immunity |
| antihistamines | medications used to block the action of histamine and reduce allergy symptoms |
| vaccination | injection of a substance that will promote the immune system to create antibodies |
| diuresis | excessive production of urine by the kidney |
| nocturnal enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine at night |
| urinary retention | incomplete emptying of the bladder |
| urinary frequency | the need to urinate more often |
| urinary hesitancy | difficulty in starting a urinary stream |
| edema | swelling due to accumulation of fluid in the tissues |
| lymphedema | edema due to obstruction or removal of the lymphatic vessels and nodes |
| inflammation | defense response triggered by tissue damage |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of the lymph nodes |
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | group of clinical signs and symptoms associated with suppression of the immune system |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus | the virus that causes AIDS |
| allergy | abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen |
| autoimmune disease | diseases that occur when the immune system mistakes the body's own tissues for foreign tissues |
| allergic rhinitis | collection of symptoms that are caused by an allergy to an airborne particle; hayfever |
