| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid - large molecules that store an organism's genetic information |
| shape of DNA | DNA looks like a twisted ladder. |
| DNA nitrogenous bases | adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine |
| A pairs with | T |
| C pairs with | G |
| nucleotide | part of DNA that is made of one base, one sugar, and one phosphate |
| gene | section of DNA that have the directions for a protein |
| chromosome | made of DNA that is wound together very tightly |
| replication | the process where DNA makes a copy of itself (happens in the nucleus) |
| messenger RNA | the molecule that carries the directions about how to make proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome |
| RNA nitrogenous bases | adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine |
| transcription | the process where DNA is copied into messenger RNA (happens in the nucleus) |
| translation | the process where the message in messenger RNA is used to make a protein (happens on the ribosome) |
| transfer RNA | the molecule that brings the amino acids to the ribosome |
| codon | group of three nucleotides that has the directions for one amino acid |
