| A | B |
|---|
| hydrocephalus | abnormal accumulation of CSF within the ventricles of the brain; due to blocked circulation, tumours, infection |
| cerebral palsy | condition of partial paralysis and lack of mucular coordination that occurs due to damage to the cerebrum that occurs around the time of birth |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | degenerative disease of the motor nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord; causes progressive weakness; Lou Gehrig's disease |
| Huntington disease | genetic disorder that causes degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to mental deterioration, personality changes, and choreic movements |
| Myasthenia Gravis | autoimmune disorder that causes weakness in voluntary muscles |
| Tourette syndrome | condition that causes involuntary, twitching movements (tics) and uncontrollable vocal sounds (words or noises) |
| epilepsy | group of disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures or convulsions |
| generalized | type of seizure that occurs when excessive neural activity encompasses the entire brain |
| partial | type of seizure that occurs when excessive neural activity is limted to one area of the brain |
| sciatica | inflammation of the sciatic nerve; results in pain, burning and tingling along the thigh and leg |
| cerebrospinal fluid analysis | laboratory test to determine the concentration of glucose, sodium, chloride and protein in CSF |
| electroencephalography | recording the electrical activity of the brain through electrodes attached to the scalp |
| analgesic | medication that relieves pain |
| sedative | medication that reduces irritability or excitement |
| hypnotic | a medication that induces sleep |
| anticonvulsant | medication that reduces the incidence of convulsions or seizures |
| anesthesia | the absence of normal sensation |
| topical anesthetic | medication that numbs a tissue surface |
| local anesthetic | medication that causes loss of sensation in the area immediately surrounding an injection site |
| regional anesthetic | medication that causes temporary interruption of nerve conduction to an area of the body when injected near the root of a nerve to be blocked |
| general anesthetic | medication that causes total loss of body sensation and consciousness when inhaled or injected intravenously |
| seizure | electrical disturbance in the brain caused by high fever, brain injury or lesions |
| paralysis | loss or impairment of the ability to move parts of the body |
| aphasia | inability to produce speech |
| apraxia | lack of purposeful movement and behaviour |
| ataxia | lack of coordination; unsteadiness or problems with balance |
| syncope | fainting; brief loss of consciousness |
| conscious | the state of being fully alert and aware |
| unconscious | state of being unaware or unable to respond to stimuli |
| lethargy | lowered consciousness characterized by listlessness, drowsiness, apathy |
| coma | state of deep unconsciousness |
| spina bifida | defect in the lumbar spinal column which allows potential damage to spinal nerves |
| Alzheimer disease | disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia), personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning |
| Parkinson disease | degeneration of the CNS neurons leading to tremors, weakness and slowness of movement |
| Bell palsy | temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that leads to facial drooping |
| multiple sclerosis | Demyelination of neurons in the CNS and replacement with plaques of sclerotic tissue |
| concussion | temporary brain dysfunction after injury |
| cerebral contusion | bruise of the brain |
| cranial hematoma | collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain |
| migraine headache | syndrome characterized by sudden, throbbing, sharp pain accompanied by nausea and photosensitivity |
| cerebrovascular accident | damage to the brain caused by disruption of blood flow |
| ischemic stroke | CVA caused by blockage in a blood vessel that doesn't allow blood to reach the tissues |
| transient ischemic attack | temporary interruption in blood flow; warning sign of stroke |
| hemorrhagic stroke | CVA caused by leaking or rupture of a blood vessel |
| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges due to bacterial or viral infection |
