| A | B |
|---|
| binary fission | division of prokaryotes |
| mitosis | division of the nucleus |
| cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| interphase | period of growth before cell division |
| G1 (first gap phase) | phase of cell growth and organelle production |
| S phase | phase when DNA is replicated |
| G2 (second gap phase) | phase when the cell prepares to divide |
| prophase | phase when chromosomes become visible and the nuclear envelope disappears |
| metaphase | the phase where chromosomes line up across the center |
| anaphase | phase when sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles |
| telophase | phase when chromosomes gather at opposite ends and the nuclear envelope reforms |
| gametes | sex cells |
| homologous chromosomes | identical pair of chromosomes (1 from each parent) |
| diploid cells | cells that contain both sets of homologous chromosomes |
| haploid cells | cells with a single set of chromosomes |
| crossing over | the process when cells exchange portions of chromosomes to form a new combination of alleles |
| somatic cells | body cells |
| centromere | center of the chromosome that holds sister chromatids together |
| chromatid | half of a chromosomes |
| cell cycle | the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide |
| Mitosis produces | two identical daughter cells |
| Meiosis produces | four genetically different haploid daughter cells |
