| A | B |
|---|
| behavior | the way an organism reacts to changes in its internal condition or external environment |
| stimulus | a signal to which an organism responds |
| response | single, specific reaction to a stimulus |
| innate behavior | instinct, or inborn behavior; behavior that appears in a fully functional form the first time it is performed |
| learning | alterations in behavior as a result of experience; also called aquired behavior. |
| habituation | learning process by which an animal decreases or stops its response to a repetitive stimulus that neither rewards nor harms it |
| classical conditioning | learning process in which an animal makes a mental connection between a stimulus and some kind of reward or punishment |
| operant conditioning | learning process in which an animal learns to behave in a certain way through repeated practice, in order to receive a reward or avoid punishment; also called trial-and-error learning |
| insight learning | also called reasoning; learning process in which an animal applies something it has already learned to a new situation without a period of trial and error |
| imprinting | learning based on early experience; once imprinting has occured, the behavior cannot be changed |
| migration | periodic movement and return of animals from one place to another |
| circadian rhythm | behavioral cycle that occurs in a daily pattern |
| courtship | type of behavior in which an animal sends out stimuli in order to attract a member of the opposite sex |
| territory | specific area occupied and protected by an animal or group of animals |
| aggression | threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another |
| communication | passing of information from one organism to another |
| language | system of communication that combines sounds, symbols, or gestures according to a set of rules about word order and meaning |
