| A | B |
|---|
| Tragedy of the Commons | a dilemma arising from the situation in which multiple individuals, acting independently, will ultimately deplete a shared limited resource |
| Externality | an external effect, often unforeseen or unintended, accompanying a process or activity |
| Maximum sustainable yield | the largest yield (or catch) that can be taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period |
| resource conservation ethic | the belief that people should maximize use of resources, based on the greatest good for everyone |
| multiple-use lands | a US classification used to designate lands that may be used for recreation, grazing, timber harvesting, and mineral extraction |
| rangelands | a dry, open grassland |
| forests | A dense growth of trees and underbrush covering a large area. |
| clear-cutting | to fell all the trees in (a section of forest) for harvesting. |
| selective cutting | the method of harvesting trees that involves the removal of single trees or a relatively small number of trees from among many in a forest |
| ecologically sustainable forestry | an approach to removing trees from forests in ways that do not unduly affect the viability of other trees |
| tree plantations | a large area typically planted with a single rapidly growing tree species |
| prescribed burn | a fire deliberately set under controlled conditions in order to reduce the accumulation of dead biomass on a forest floor |
| national wildlife refuges | a federal public land managed for the primary purpose of protecting wildlife |
| national wilderness areas | an area set aside with the intent of preserving a large tract of intact ecosystem or a landscape |
| national environmental policy act | a 1969 US federal act that mandates an environmental assessment of all projects involving federal money or federal permits |
| environmental impact statement | a document outlining the scope and purpose of a development project, describing the environmental context, suggesting alternative approaches to the project, and analyzing the environmental impact of each alternative |
| environmental mitigation plan | a plan that outlines how a developer will address concerns raised by a project's impact on the environment |
| suburban | an area surrounding a metropolitan center with a comparatively low population density |
| exurban | an area similar to a suburb, but unconnected to any central city or densely populated area |
| urban sprawl | urbanized areas that spread into rural areas, removing clear boundaries between the two |
| urban blight | the degradation of the built and social environments of the city that often accompanies and accelerates migration to the suburbs |
| highway trust fund | a US federal fund that pays for the construction and maintenance of roads and highways |
| induced demand | the phenomenon in which increasing the supply of a good causes demand to grow |
| zoning | a planning tool used ti separate industry and business from residential neighborhoods |
| multi-use zoning | a zoning classification that allows retail and high-density residential development to coexist in the same area |
| smart growth | a set of principles for community planning that focuses on strategies to encourage the development of sustainable, healthy communities |
| stakeholder | a person or organization with an interest in a particular place or issue |
| sense of place | the feeling that an area has a distinct meaningful character |
| transit-oriented development | development that attempts to focus dense residential and retail development around stops for public transportation, a component of smart growth |
| infill | development that fills in vacant lots with existing communities |
| urban growth boundary | a restriction on development outside a designated area |
| eminent domain | a principle that grants government the power to acquire a property at fair market value even if the owner does not with to sell it |
