| A | B |
|---|
| osteocyte | mature bone cell |
| ossification | minerals replace cartilage to create bone |
| fontanel | the soft spot on a baby's head |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| epiphysis | ends of a long bone |
| endosteum | inside lining of the medullary canal of long bone |
| periosteum | outside covering of a long bone |
| articular cartilage | covering of the epiphysis that acts as a shock absorber |
| axial skeleton | the skull, spinal column, ribs, sternum, and hyoid bone |
| appendicular skeleton | upper and lower extremities, shoulder girdles and hip girdle |
| joints | points of contact between two bones |
| Ball-and-socket joint | Shoulder and hip joints |
| Hinge joint | move in one direction or plane; knee, elbows and outer joints of fingers |
| Pivot joint | joints of radius and ulna |
| Gliding joint | nearly flat surface that glides across each other as in the vertebrae |
| Diarthrosese joints | moveable joints |
| Amphiarthroses joints | partially moveable joints |
| Synarthroses joints | immovable joints, as in the adult cranium |
| flexion | bringing two bones closer together |
| extension | increasing the angle between two bones |
| abduction | moving an extremity away from midline |
| adduction | moving toward midline |
| fracture | break of a bone |
| dislocation | bone is displaced from it's proper position |
| sprain | injury to joint caused by sudden or unusual motion |
| gobble gobble | extra credit phrase - must type it exactly how it is written |
| arthritis | inflammation of a joint |
| bursa-sacs | small sacs between bones that move on one another |
| bursitis | inflammation of the bursa |
| circumduction | movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed |
| gout | a metabolic disease marked by a painful inflammation of the joints, deposits of urates in and around the joints, and usually an excessive amount of uric acid in the blood |
| kyphosis | exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic region of the spine resulting in a rounded upper back |
| lordosis | abnormally exaggerated forward curvature of the lumbar and cervical regions of the spine resulting in a concave back when viewed from the side; SWAYBACK |
| osteoarthritis | a common form of arthritis typically with onset during middle or old age that is characterized by progressive degenerative changes in the cartilage of one or more joints (as of the knees, hips, and hands) accompanied by thickening & overgrowth of adjacent bone & that is marked symptomatically chiefly by stiffness, swelling, pain, deformation of joints, & loss of ROM |
| osteoblast | bone building |
| osteoclast | bone resorption |
| osteomyelitis | an infectious usually painful inflammatory disease of bone often of bacterial origin that may result in the death of bone tissue |
| osteoporosis | a condition that affects especially older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces producing porosity and fragility |
| osteosarcoma | sarcoma derived from bone or containing bone tissue |
| pronation | belly down in a laying position |
| rheumatoid-arthritis | a usually chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized especially by pain, stiffness, inflammation, swelling, and sometimes destruction of joints |
| rickets | deficiency disease that affects the young during the period of skeletal growth, is characterized especially by soft and deformed bones, and is caused by failure to assimilate and use calcium and phosphorus normally due to inadequate sunlight or vitamin D |
| rotation | the action or process of rotating on or as if on an axis or center |
| scoliosis | a lateral curvature of the spine |
| suture | the line of union in an immovable articulation (as between the bones of the skull) |
| supination | face up in a laying position |
| whiplash injury | injury of the cervical spine & cerebral concussion occurring in an automobile collision which causes forceful flexion or extension of the neck and violent oscillation of the head forward and backward or backward and forward |
| synovial membrane | the dense connective-tissue membrane that secretes synovial fluid and that lines the ligamentous surfaces of joint capsules, tendon sheaths where free movement is necessary, and bursae |
| yellow bone marrow | found in the medullary canal |
| sinuses | a cavity in the substance of a bone of the skull that usually communicates with the nostrils and contains air |
| eversion | the condition (as of the foot) of being turned or rotated outward |
| fibula | the outer & usually smaller of the two bones between the knee and ankle in the hind or lower limbs of vertebrates |
| plantar flexion | movement of the foot in which the foot or toes flex downward toward the sole |
| bone marrow | a soft highly vascular modified connective tissue that occupies the cavities of most bones and occurs in two forms: reddish and yellowish |
