| A | B |
| bourgeoisie | middle class |
| deficit spending | a government spending more money than it takes in |
| faction | small groups who competed to gain power |
| emigre | nobles, clergy, and others who fled France and its revolutionary forces |
| republic | government ruled by elected representatives |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| nationalism | a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country |
| secular | nonreligious |
| plebiscite | a ballot in which voters say yes or no |
| annex | add territory to an existing state or country |
| blockade | shutting off ports to keep people or supplies from moving in or out |
| guerrilla warfare | fighting carried on through hit and run raids |
| abdicate | step down from power |
| legitimacy | restoring hereditary monarchy |