| A | B |
|---|
| What was the goal of the civil rights movement? | To end racial injustice in the United States |
| What was Brown v. Topeka Board of Education? | It said that separate was not equal and put an end to segretation in schools. |
| Who was the founder of the NAACP? | W.E.B. Du Bois |
| What does NAACP stand for? | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| Who was the first African American to receive a doctoral degree from Harvard University? | W.E.B. Du Bois |
| This group sought to assist people moving to major cities and helped poor African Americans moving out of the South to find homes and jobs. | National Urban League |
| What did CORE stand for? | Congress of Racial Equality |
| What was the SCLC? | Southern Christian Leadership Conference? |
| Who was the founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference? | Martin Luther King, Jr. and other African American clergymen |
| This was a peaceful way to protest against public policies. | nonviolent protest |
| Who did Martin Luther King marry? | Coretta Scott |
| What leader from India greatly influenced Martin Luther King, Jr? | Mohandas K. Ghandi |
| What honor did Martin Luther King Jr. recieve in 1964 for his work on Civil Rights? | The Nobel Peace Prize |
| Where was Martin Luther King assassinated? | Memphis, Tennessee |
| Who was accused of killing Martin Luther King, Jr.? | James Earl Ray |
| In 1986, How did Congress decide to honor Martin Luther King, Jr.? | they made his birthday a federal holiday |
| Who was a close friend of Martin Luther King, Jr. and was also a Baptist Minister. He headed Operation Breadbasket until 1971 and founded People United to Save Humanity. | Jesse Jackson |
| The Student Offshoot of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference was called ____________. | SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) |
| Who was Anne Moody | She joined the fight for civil rights and was asked to stop her civil rights activities by her family. She was one of many who would sacrifice deeply for their beliefs. |
| What song was often sung by Civil Rights activists? | We Shall Overcome |
| What method of protest did the organization CORE create? | sit-ins |
| In this Supreme Court case the Supreme Court expanded its earlier ban on interstate buses and said waiting rooms and restaurants could not be segregated. | Boynton v. Virginia |
| This was when people rode the buses on interstate trips to see if southern states would obey the Supreme Court Ruling. | Freedom Rides |
| Who was the Attorney General of the United States during the freedom rides and what did he do to protect the freedom riders. | Robert Kennedy sent federal marshals to protect the freedom riders |
| What happened when an African American by the name of James Meredith tried to enroll in Ole Miss? | He was turned down on racial grounds and he took it to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court upheld his claim, but the Governor of Mississippi refused. President Kennedy ended up sending army troops to restore order and federal marshalls escorted Meredith to class |
| In what city was Martin Luther King thrown in jail and he wrote a famous letter from his jail cell? | Birmingham, Alabama |
| Who helped get Martin Luther King released from the Birmingham Jail? | John F. Kennedy |
| How did television cameras help the civil rights cause. | Americans saw the scenes of violence and made many of them feel sympathy for the African American cause. |
| What impact did Kennedy helping Martin Luther King, Jr. get released from Birmingham Jail have on the election of 1960? | Many African Americans were going to vote for Nixon, but when Kennedy helped King, this turned many votes in his favor in a very close election. |
| Why was Kennedy a little embarrassed when he met with Nikita Khrushchev? | We were a nation that preached we were a land of the free, but in reality we were a land of the free only for white people. |
| What action did civil rights leaders take in order to bring attention to President Kennedy's Civil Rights Bill? | They organized a March on Washington |
| Who was the director of the March on Washington? | A. Phillip Randolph |
| What famous speech did Martin Luther King deliver at the March on Washington? | His "I Have A Dream" speech |
| Early in Lyndon B. Johnson's political career, how did he vote on civil rights? | He voted against them |
| What did President Johnson referring to when he said, "that nothing could more eloquently honor Presidnet Kennedy's memory than the earliest possible passage of the ______________. | Civil Rights Bill |
| What is a fillibuster | unlimited night and day debate |
| What is cloture? | a seldom used technique where a 3/5ths vote to limit debate and call for a vote |
| What was the Civil Rights Act passed during Johnson's Presidency called? | The Civil Right Act of 1964 |
| What issues did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 deal with? | banned the use of voter registration standards for blacks, prohibited discimination in public accommodations and said that any program that engaged in discimination would be ineligible for federal funds. Created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to investigate charges of discrimination. Banned the discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion or national origin. |
| What was the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party? | At the Democratic Convention in 1964, they said they were the rightful representatives from Mississippi |
| How did Civil Rights activists react when African Americans were arrested in Selma just for standing in line to register to vote? | The organized a March where people walked from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama (50 miles) |
| What was the 24th amendment? | It outlawed the use of a poll tax |
| Who was James Baldwin? | He wrote a book entitled "The Fire Next Time" that said the African Americans were tired of promises and their anger was ready to erupt. |
| What militant political leader of the civil rights movement was born in Omaha, Ne? | Malcolm X |
| What baptist minister had the "back to Africa" movement? | Marcus Garvey |
| Who founded the Nation of Islam that taught that Allah would bring about a "Black Nation? | Elijah Muhammad |
| Where did the X in Malcolm X's name come from? | It represented the x that was given to many slaves as their name |
| This was a belief in the separate identity and racial unity of the African American community. | black nationalism |
| When Elijah Muhammed and Malcolm X began to disagree, what religious organization did Malcolm X start? | Muslim Mosque, Inc. |
| What changed Malcolm X's views? | He made a pilgrimage to Mecca and saw Muslims of many races worshipping together. |
| Malcolm X was shot to death at a rally in New York in February of 1965. Who was charged with the murder? | 3 men from the Nation of Islam. It was believed they were not happy about his change of direction. |
| Who started the Black Power Movement? | Stokely Carmichael |
| What radical group was formed by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton andthey gave rise to the "black is beautiful slogan?" | The Black Panthers |
| What is de jure segregation? | racial separation created by laws |
| What id de facto segregation? | separation caused by social conditions such as poverty |
| Where did one of the worst and most famous Civil Rights riots take place? | Watts, Los Angelas |
| How did the Watts Riot start? | A 21 year old African American man was pulled over for drunk driving. Everything was going fine but then the young man started to resist arrest. The officer responded by swinging his riot baton and this touched off six days of rioting in which 34 people were killed and more than 1,000 were injured. |
