| A | B |
|---|
| Representative Democracy | form of government where people elect representatives to make decisions in the government for them rather than vote directly on every decision |
| Consuls | head of the executive branch in rome, elected for 1 year terms |
| Patricians | highest social class in Rome, consisted of wealthy nobility |
| Plebeians | common people in Rome |
| Tribunes | official representatives of the Plebeians and the Assembly of Tribes |
| Senate | more powerful house of Rome's legislative branch, made of 300 members who served for life |
| Assembly of Centuries | part of Legislative branch, had least power of the two houses |
| 12 tables | Rome's public law code |
| Hannibal | Carthaginian general from 2nd punic war |
| Dictator | person elected in time of crisis to have absolute power |
| Veto | "I forbid" it was used by the consuls to overrule a decision made by the opposite consul |
| Carthage | Rome's rival during the Punic Wars |
| Venus | Roman goddess of beauty, same as Greek Aphrodite |
| Jupiter | God of Gods, similar to Greek God Zeus |
| First Triumvirate | Alliance between Julius Caesar, Marcus Crassus, and Pompey that would eventually collapse into a civil war between Caesar and Pompey |
| Julius Caesar | talented general and effective leader who became dictator for life after winning a major civil war against Pompey |
| Octavian "Augustus" Caesar | nephew of Julius Caesar, became Rome's first Emperor, effective ruler who increased Rome's power |
| Second Triumvirate | alliance between Octavian, Marc Antony, and Lepidus formed after the death of Julius Caesar |
| The Gracchus Brothers | Tribunes in Rome who tried to reform Rome |
| Latifundia | large farms in Rome that relied heavily on slave labor, and led to higher unemployment in Rome |
| Marc Antony | Lt. of Julius Caesar who was defeated by Octavian in a civil war following Casear's death |
| Juno | Roman queen of the gods, similar to Greek Goddess Hera |
