| A | B |
|---|
| atom | building blocks of matter |
| compound | pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine |
| covalent bond | formed when electrons of an atom are shared |
| electron | negatively charged particles that are located outside the nucleus |
| element | pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by physical or chemical means |
| ion | an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons |
| ionic bond | electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms |
| molecule | a compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds |
| neutron | particle with no charge located in the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | the center of an atom |
| proton | positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | atoms of the same element having different numbers of neutrons |
| activation energy | minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction |
| active site | specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme |
| catalyst | a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
| chemical reactions | is the process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances |
| enzyme | biological catallysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes |
| product | the substances formed during the reaction |
| reactant | the starting substances |
| substrate | the reactants that bind to the enzyme |
| acid | substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water |
| base | substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) |
| hydrogen bond | a weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom |
| pH | measure of concentration of H+ in a solution |
| polar molecule | molecule that has an unegual distribution of charges |
| pH scale | used to indicate the relative strength of acids and bases |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in the solvent |
| solvent | substance in which another substance is dissolved |
| adhesion | the union of normally separate parts, steady or devoted attachment, support, etc. (tendency to stick to something ELSE) |
| cohesion | the act or state of cohering, uniting, or sticking together, the molecular force between particles within a body or substance that acts to unite them (tendency to stick to ITSELF!) |
| surface tension | elastic-like force existing in the surface of a body, esp. a liquid, tending to minimize the area of the surface, caused by asymmetries in the intermolecular forces between surface molecules |
