| A | B |
|---|
| Reconstruction | the period of time after the Civil War in which Southen states were rebuilt and brought back into the Union |
| Thriteenth Amendment | ratified in 1865, abolishing slavery in the U.S. |
| Freedmen's Bureau | an agency esablished by Congress at the end of the Civil War to help and protect newly freed black Americans |
| Black Codes | laws passed in 1855 and 1856 in the former Confederate states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans |
| Civil Rights | the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to all people as citizens, especially equal treatment under the law |
| Fourteenth Amendment | a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1868, granting citizenship to anyone born in the U.S. and guaranteeing all citizens equal protection of the law |
| Fifteenth Amendment | ratified in 1870, declaring that states cannot deny anyone the right to vote because of race or color, or because the person was once a slave |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws enforcing segregation of blacks and whites in the South after the Civil War |
