| A | B |
|---|
| science | a system of knowledge about the natural world and the methods used to find that knowledge |
| technology | the use of scientific knowledge to solve practical problems |
| chemistry | the study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter |
| physics | the study of matter and energy and the interactions between the two through forces and motion |
| geology | the study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth |
| astronomy | the study of the universe beyond Earth |
| biology | the study of life and life processes |
| scientific method | an organized plan used for gathering, organizing, and communicating information |
| observation | information obtained through the senses |
| hypothesis | a proposed answer to a question |
| manipulated variable | the variable that causes a change in another variable |
| responding variable | a variable that changes in response to a change in the manipulated variable |
| controlled experiment | anexperiment in which only one variable, the manipulated variable, is deliberately changed at a time |
| scientific theory | a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results |
| scientific law | a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature |
| model | a representation of an object or event |
| scientific notation | a way of expressing a value as the product of a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10 |
| length | the straight-line distance between two points |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| volume | the amount of space taken up by an object |
| density | the ratio of a material's mass to its volume |
| conversion factor | a ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a quantity from one unit to another |
| precision | a gauge of how exact a measurement is |
| significant figures | all the digits in a measurement that are directly measured, plus the last digit, which is estimated |
| accuracy | the closeness of a measurement to the true value of what is measured |
| thermometer | an instrument that measures temperature |
| slope | the steepness of a line, equal to the ratio of a vertical change to the corresponding horizontal change |
| direct proportion | a relationship between two variables in which their ratio is constant |
| inverse proportion | a relationship in which the product of two variables is a constant when all other variables are held constant |
