| A | B |
|---|
| Who settled New England? | Puritans |
| What was the Mayflower Compact? | An agreement signed by the male passengers aboard the Mayflower to respect laws agreed upon for the general good of the Plymouth colony |
| Why did the Puritans come to the New World? | Seeking freedom from religious persecution in Europe |
| What does religious toleration mean? | Accepting of someone else’s religion |
| What immigrants to the New World came involuntarily? | Africans |
| What basic unit of settlement did Puritan church congregations use in the Massachusetts Bay Colony? | Town |
| What type of government did the Puritans use in New England town meetings? | Direct democracy |
| What ancient model did New England town meetings follow? | The city-state of Athens in ancient Greece |
| What were the two reasons why the Puritans settled in New England? | 1. religious freedom 2. economic opportunity |
| What European groups settled the Middle colonies? | 1. German 2. English 3. Dutch |
| What English noblemen received large land grants in Virginia? | Cavaliers |
| Where in Virginia did many poor Englishmen settle? | Shenandoah Valley |
| What were indentured servants? | Colonists who agreed to work for a master in exchange for payment of their passage to America |
| What was the first permanent English settlement in North America? | Jamestown |
| What was the first elected assembly (lawmaking body) in the New World? | House of Burgesses |
| What became the name of the House of Burgesses after independence? | Virginia General Assembly |
| What regions of the New World did the Spanish explore and settle? | 1. the Caribbean Sea 2. Central America 3. South America |
| How did colonization affect the Indians? | 1. died in wars 2. pushed off their land 3. died of disease |
| How did French colonization differ from English colonization? | 1. fewer French colonists 2. Better relations with the Indians |
| What did the Atlantic slave trade do? | Forced millions of Africans to come to the Americas against their will |
| What were the 3 regions of English settlement along the Atlantic coast? | 1. New England 2. Middle colonies 3. Southern colonies |
| What was the economic basis of New England? | 1. Subsistence farming 2. Lumbering 3. Shipbuilding 4. Fishing |
| What was the economic basis of the Middle colonies? | 1. Small-scale commercial farming 2. Shipbuilding 3. Trade |
| What was the economic basis of the coastal lowlands in the Southern colonies? | Plantations that grew cash crops for export to Great Britain |
| What were the three cash crops of the Southern colonies? | 1. tobacco 2. rice 3.indigo |
| What was the economic basis of the Appalachian foothills in the Southern colonies? | 1. subsistence farming 2. hunting 3. trade |
| What were the Middle colonies? | 1. New York 2. New Jersey 3. Pennsylvania 4. Delaware |
| What were two important seaports and trade centers in the Middle colonies? | 1. New York 2. Philadelphia |
| Where were most of the indentured servants from? | 1) England 2. Scotland 3. Ireland |
| Where and when did the first Africans arrive in colonial America? | Jamestown in 1619 |
| What was the voyage of slaves from Africa to the New World called? | The Middle Passage |
| What 2 types of labor systems did Southern plantations use? | 1. indentured servants 2. African slaves |
| Did the Puritans tolerate religious dissenters? | No |
| What New England colony was founded by religious dissenters fleeing persecution by Puritans in Massachusetts? | Rhode Island |
| Where did Quakers settle? | Pennsylvania |
| Where did Presbyterians settle? | New Jersey |
| Where did Jews settle? | New York |
| Where did Huguenots settle? | New York |
| Who formed the middle class in the Middle colonies? | 1. Skilled artisans 2.Entrepreneurs 3. Small commercial farmers |
| What formed the basis of the social structure in the Southern colonies? | 1. Family status 2. Land ownership |
| Who dominated the colonial government and society in the Southern colonies? | Large landowners |
| What was the most important church in the Southern colonies? | Church of England |
| How did colonists make a living in the mountains and valleys of the Southern colonies? | 1. subsistence farmers 2. hunters 3. traders |
| What was the background of most of the colonists in the Southern mountains and valleys? | 1. Scots-Irish 2. English |
| What religious movement swept Europe and the American colonies during the mid-1700s? | “Great Awakening” |
| What 2 Protestant denominations grew rapidly in the American colonies during the “Great Awakening”? | 1. Methodists 2. Baptists |
