| A | B |
|---|
| A variation of a particular inherited characteristic is the definition of _________? a gene or a trait? | trait |
| The BLENDING HYPOTHESIS was proven untrue by Mendel's Pea Plant study, what was the basic idea of the BLENDING HYPOTHESIS? | ALL traits are blended (example:) a tall crossed with a short will be medium height |
| Gregor Mendel's hypothesis is called what? the BLENDING HYPOTHESIS or the PARTICULATE HYPOTHESIS? | Particulate hypothesis where traits are passed by dominant/recessive alleles of genes |
| The PARTICULATE HYPOTHESIS says that "traits are passed from parent to offspring" in the form of what? chromosomes or genes? | genes |
| What is genetics? The study of ______? | heredity |
| What monk is considered the FATHER OF GENETICS? | Gregor Mendel |
| What is an allele? The alternative form of a ___________? | genes |
| What is homozygous organism? The two alleles are __________. Alike or different | identical alleles (example: RR) |
| What is a heterozygous organism? The two alleles are _______? alike or different | different |
| Alleles Bb are ____________? homozygous or heterozygous? | heterozygous |
| Alleles BB are ___________? heterozygous, homozygous dominate or homozygous recessive? | homozygous dominate |
| An allele bb would be ___________? homozygous dominate or homozygous recessive? | homozygous recessive |
| What is the genotype of an organism? | genetic makeup (ex: RR Tt) |
| What is the phenotype of an organism? | what it looks like physically (ex: red, tall) |
| Example: Cross breeding creates a flower that is red. Is that its genotype or its phenotype? | phenotype... what it looks like |
| A cross gets an allele combination of PpRr. Is that a genotype or a phenotype? | genotype |
| How many traits are crossing in a dihybrid cross? | two (example: father AaBB x mother AA Bb) |
| When an organism is self fertilized, the offspring genetics stay the same from generation to generation. What is that called? true breeding or inheritance? | true breeding (example: a flower can self fertilize) |
| What does a test cross seek to determine? | Whether an organism's traits are homozygous or heterozygous |
| When neither allele is completely dominate it may blend. What is the blending of alleles called? IMMEDIATE INHERITANCE or CO-DOMINANCE? | immediate Inheritance |
| Immediate inheritance is also known as INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE? What is it? | the blending of traits (example: red + white = pink) |
| Some people have TYPE AB Blood. What is this and example of? immediate inheritance or co-dominance | co-dominance |
| Red + white = pink. Is that an example of incomplete dominance or co-dominance? | incomplete dominance |
| When performing a test cross, one would cross an organism with unknown traits with what? a homozygous dominate or a homozygouse recessive organism | homozygous recessive |
| Blood has many alleles. Blood is an example of POLYGENIC INHERITANCE or IMMEDIATE INHERITANCE | polygenic inheritance |
| Hair can be brown, blonde, red, black, etc. These are known as traits or genes | traits |
| What is a hybrid? An organism which? 2 different alleles or 2 identical alleles | 2 different alleles (example: Aa) |
| What is a purebred? An organism with 2 different alleles or 2 identical alleles? | 2 identical alleles (example: BB and bb) |
| Will a purebred be homozygous or heterozygous? | homozygous |
| Will a hybrid be homozygous or heterozygous? | heterozygous |
| What is it called when a dominant looking organism is crossed with a known recessive organism? | test cross |
| What is the location of a gene on a chromosome called? locus or focus | locus |
| The closer alleles are on a chromosome, the more likely they will remain together. The farther apart certain alleles are the more likely they will cross over. This is the concept of what? genetic transportation or genetic linkage? | genetic linkage |
| There are four ways genes can cause abnormalities, what are they? (hint: tr, du, de, in) | translocation, duplication, deletion, inversion |
| What abnormality is it when genes get repeated? | duplication |
| What is the abnormality called when genes are lost? | deletion |
| What is it called when genes become reversed? | inversion |
| What is it called when chromosomes break apart and attach elsewhere? | translocation |
| How are Down's Syndrome and Trisomy 21 related? | Both are on the 21st chromosome |
| Huntington's Disease causes muscles to deteriorate because of the over production of dopamine or seratonin? | dopamine |
| Most sex linked traits are dominate or recessive? | recessive |
| Who are more affected by sex link traits? males or females | males |
| Colorblindness, PKU and hemophilia are examples of sex-linked disorders or abnormalities? | sex-linked disorders |
| What disorder is caused by an extra "X" chromosome (XXX and XXY) Kllinefelter's or Huntington's | Klinefelter's |
| What is the univeral donor type of blood? | O |
| What is the universal type of blood? | AB |
| A visual chart of an organism's 46 chromosomes ( an organism's 23 pairs) is called what? | karyotype |
| What are Punnett Squares used for? | Determining possible genetic probabilities |
| A blending trait is called ____________? | Incomplete Dominance |
| What would be the GENEOTYPIC RATIO of two heterozygouse organisms crossing? | 1:2:1 |
| What would be the PHENOTYPIC RATIO of two heterzygous organisms crossing? | 3:1 |
| Most genetic disorders are on recessive or dominate alleles? | recessive |
| The physical appearance of an organism is ita ______________? | phenotype |
| The allele combinations for traits are known as? | genotypes |
| When one allele can mask the expression of another allele, it is the "Principle of __________" Segregation or Dominance? | Principle of Dominance |
| The separation of alleles during meiosis is called? Principle of Segregation or Dominance? | Principle of Segregation |
| ABO bloodtyping is an example of what? codominance or incomplete dominance? | co-dominance |
| What is it called when alleles from different traits separate out randomly and separately? Principle of _____________ | Principle of Independent Assortment |
