| A | B |
|---|
| A natural disaster like a fire or tornado kills members of a population and changes the gene pool because only a few survived. What is that called? bottleneck effect or founder effect? | bottleneck effect |
| Which type of selection is controlled by humans (example: breeding two animals for their traits)? natural selection or artificial selection | artificial selection |
| True or false? Organisms with homologous structures have the same/similar skeletal parts and share a common ancestor (example: the finches on the Galapagos islands)? | True |
| What is it called when an organism has a structure that no longer has a function? Example.. the appendix in humans or pelvis in whales. vestigial or homologous structures? | vestigial structures |
| What is a hypothesis? guess of what the outcome will be or a data table? | it's an educated guess about what the outcome will be |
| All the alleles for traits in a population is called the what? gene pool or genotype? | gene pool |
| Genetic drift can change a gene pool. Is genetic drift caused by chance or by natural selection? | chance |
| Charles Darwin believed in survival of the fittest or descent by modification? | descent by modification |
| What is descent by modification? | Survival is due to having inherited adaptations that are well-suited to the environment which enables a species to live to reproduce (biological fitness) |
| A change that occurs in DNA that changes the order of its bases is called what? | mutation |
| Phosphates and deoxyribose make up the backbone of DNA or RNA? | DNA |
| Which molecule has Uracil? DNA or RNA? | RNA (DNA has thymine instead of uracil) |
| In a scientific experiment, what is changed or manipulated by the researcher? the independent or dependent variable | independent variable (ex: the amount of water given to an indoor plant is controlled by the researcher) |
| Which is more dense? water or ice | water (remember ice floats) |
| Of these three elements of organization, which is the smallest and which is the largest? organelle, cell, tissue, organ? | smallest-organelle; largest-organ |
| What is the source of energy for all living things? | sun |
| How much energy is transfered from producers (plants) to the next trophic level of primary consumers? 1% 10% or 50% | only 10% is energy for the next trophic level |
| Which of the following does not recycle? water, carbon, nitrogen or energy? | Energy does not recycle, energy is lost |
| In ecological succession, which would be the last to appear? the small organisms like moss and lichen; or the largest like trees and shrubs | trees and shrubs |
| Which would have greater biomass? plants (producers) or animals (consumers)? What would have the smallest biomass? | producers; tertiary consumers |
| Elements that are isotopes have a different number of neutrons or electrons? | neutrons |
| In a formula of chemical reactions, which is before the arrow? reactants or products? | reactants |
| 10 protons and 11 neutrons will give an atomic mass of ? 21 or 11? | 21 |
| Which bond is a sharing of electrons? covalent or ionic | covalent |
| Which speeds up chemical reactions? lipids or enzymes | enzymes |
| Nestles Quik is dissolved in Milk. Milk would be the solvent or solute? | solvent |
| What does the vacuole in plants do? | stores water |
| Cell Theory says that the cell is a unit of structure and what? | function |
| Food enters the cell thru the plasma membrane. What organelles the aids in the digestion and storage of food? | lysosomes and vaculoes |
| An acid would have a PH balance of below 7 or above 7 | below 7 (remember: A: acids comes before B: bases) |
| What is the universal solvent? | water |
| Where does the energy for cells come from? proteins or carbohydrates | carbohydrates |
| Which organelle synthesizes (makes) protein? | ribosome |
| What are two differences of plant and animal cells? | cell plates (plants) vs. cell membrane and cloroplasts are only found in plants |
| Energy is captured by which organelle in plants? and in which organelle in animal cells? | chloroplasts: mitochondria |
| What is the cell wall of plants made of? cellulose or lignin | cellulose |
| What is a prokaryote? | a cell with no nucleus |
| What is in cell membranes that can transport substances in and out of the cell? | transport proteins |
| Which cell would have numerous mitochondria? an active cell or a passive cell | active cells |
| What do we call passive transport when no energy is used? osmosis or diffusion? | osmosis |
| What do we call the kind of transport when energy is used? | active transport |
| ATP creates energy when phosphates are added or removed? | When phosphates are removed |
| Cellular respiration begins with glycolysis or Krebs cycle? | glycolysis |
| What type of fermentation makes bread rise? lactic acid or ethyl alcohol fermentation? | ethyl alcohol fermentation |
| What causes muscles to become sore during exercise? build up of sugars or a build up of lactic acid? | lactic acid |
| What are the products of photosynthesis? | oxygen and glucose (O2+ C6 H12 O6) |
| Does chlorophyll reflect or absorb green light? | reflect |
| Which cell cycle is for sexual reproduction? meiosis or mitosis | meiosis |
| Are gametes (sperm and eggs) haploid or diploid? | haploid |
| During which phase of the cell cycle does the metabolic functions and processes occur (hint: the cell spends 90% of its time in this phase)? interphase or prophase | interphase |
| During which phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle? | metaphase |
| Does mitosis produce haploid or diploid cells? | Mitosis produces DIPLOID cells - remember in mitosis your INCREASING the number of CELLS but the chromosome number is the SAME as the parent |
| Phosphates and deoxyribose make the backbone of DNA or RNA? | DNA |
| Does RNA have uracil or thymine? | uracil |
| What do we call changes to the DNA sequence of bases? | Mutation |
| When the alleles of a population are changed by CHANCE, what is that called? | genetic drift ... it's random |
| The study of interactions among organisms and their enviroment is called what? Ecology or Biology? | Ecology |
| Is soil a abiotic or biotic factor? | Abiotic... soil is non-living |
| What is a group of organisms of the same species living in a specific area called? a population or a community | A population |
| Sunlight, Water, Temperature, Soil and Wind are example of biotic or abiotic factors? | Abiotic factors |
| What is climate in a specific area that varies from the surrounding climate area called? A subclimate or microclimate? | microclimate |
| Which forest tree drops its leaves in the fall? Decidious or conifers | Decidious |
| Is Kansas a temperate grassland or a savanna and why? | grassland because Kansas has seasons a savanna does not |
| What is a food web? | a number of food chains tied together |
| What are trophic levels? | feeding levels in the food chain |
| What is a density-dependent limiting factor? population or fire | excess population (density) will limit population growth because there is not enough food (etc.) to go around and member begin to die |
| What is a density-independent limiting factor? population or fire | fire |
| Cellular respiration occurs in which organelle? mitochondria or nucleus | mitochondria |
| What are the reactants for cellular respiration? | 6 CO2+ C6 H12 O6 |
| During which phases to chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell? prophase, anaphase or metaphase | metaphase |
| What does mitosis do? | it keeps the genes the same from one cell to the next. It will be duplicated |
| How many chromosomes are in body (somatic) cells? | 46 |
| How many chromosomes do the sex cells ( sperm and egg) have? | 23 |
| What are the phases of mitosis in order (hint: think PMAT) | prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase |
| Sexual reproduction includes what two process? | meiosis and fertilization |
| Which tumor would be considered cancerous (harmful?) malignant or benign | malignant |
| Which pattern of inheritance is it when a red and white flower is crossed and the result is pink flowers? incomplete dominance or polygenic inheritance? | incomplete dominance |
| In ABO blood typing which blood types are co-dominant? A,B,AB or O | Type A and Type B |
| What happens during transcription? mRNA or tRNA is made from DNA | mRNA is made from DNA |
| The example of a penny a day for a month (constant time at constant intervals) was and example of logistic growth or exponential growth? | exponential growth |
| When counting population, which would be the most effective for counting a species of plants? direct counting or quadrant sampling | quadrant sampling |
| What is characteristic of Chaparal? | dry, woody shrubs, sandy soil |
| What is the biome that has trees with long needles and pine cones? decidious or coniferous | coniferous |
| A harmful fungus that leads to infection on skin is and example of parasitism, commensalism or mutualism? | parasitism |
| A bacteria that lives in the stomach and benefits in digestion is commensalism, mutualism or commensalism? | mutualism |
| Ivy grows on a tree and neither harms or benefits the tree is an example of parasitism, commensalism, or mutualism? | commensalism |
| What is the cause of Global warming? CO2 or CO1? | carbon dioxide or CO2 |
| Humans traits for height vary from very tall to very short and then all heights in between, what inheritance pattern is this? c0-dominance or polygenic inheritance | polygenic inheritance |
| What are men more affected by sex linked disorders? | They only have one X chromosome |
| Down Syndrome have chromosomes that do not seperate property during meiosis. Is that nondisjunction or translocation? | non disjunction |
| DNA is a sequence of what? phophate groups or nitrogenous bases | nitrogen bases |
| DNA determines the order of what? amino acids or ATP formation | amino acid order in the cell's proteins |
