| A | B |
|---|
| Organic molecule made by living organisms; consists mostly of carbon(C), hydrogen(H), and oxygen(O) | Biomolecule |
| Contains carbon; considered the chemicals of life | Organic Molecules |
| Do not contain carbon | Inorganic Molecules |
| Molecules that react with similar molecules to form a chain; a sub-unit of a biomolecule | Monomer |
| A chain of many monomers that are chemically bonded together | Polymer |
| A group of organic molecules that includes sugars, starches, and cellulose; sub-units are monosaccharides such as glucose | Carbohydrates (Polysaccharide) |
| Functions of Carbohydrates | Energy, Structural support, Cell wall, Cell membrane marker |
| Organic molecules including fats and phospholipids; sub-units are glycerol, fatty acids, and phosphate groups | Lipids |
| Functions of Lipids | Energy storage, Insulation, Cell membrane, Hormones |
| Group of organic molecules that provides structure and facilitates chemical reactions; sub-units are amino acids | Proteins |
| Functions of Proteins | Enzymes, Structural components of cells, Muscles, Cell membrane, Immune System |
| Group of organic molecules including DNA and RNA; sub-units are nucleotides | Nucleic Acids |
| Functions of Nucleic Acids | Storage, Retrieval, and Expression of Genetic Information |
| Proteins that speed up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy | Enzymes See Figures 14 and 15 on Pages 40 and 41 in your Biology Book |
| The molecule that an enzyme acts upon | Substrate |
| The pocket that an enzyme fits into on the substrate; like puzzle pieces. | Active Site |
| The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction | Activation Energy |
| A single nucleotide with energy storing phosphate groups; cells need a steady supply of this biomolecule to function | ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) |
