| A | B |
|---|
| metabolism | Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism |
| atom | Smallest piece of matter, neutrally charged |
| proton | positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus |
| neutron | no charge subatomic particle found in the nucleus |
| electron | negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the nucleus |
| isotope | atoms of the same type that have different numbers of neutrons |
| radioactive | unstable isotopes of atoms which release energy as they break down |
| ion | a charged atom that has lost or gained electrons |
| element | substance made up of all of the same type of atoms |
| compound | substance created by more than one atom chemically bonded to another |
| inorganic compounds | compounds that do not contain carbon AND hydrogen |
| organic compounds | compounds that always contain carbon AND hydrogen |
| carbohydrate | sugar or starch primary function energy |
| lipid | fat primary function stored energy cell membranes hormones |
| protein | primary function structure enzymes |
| nucleic acid | primary function genetics protein synthesis |
| monomer | subunit of an organic compound |
| polymer | long strands of chemically bonded monomers |
| monosaccharide | single sugar molecule |
| disaccharide | two bonded sugar molecules |
| polysaccharide | long chain of sugar molecules |
| glycogen | polysaccharide found in humans |
| amino acids | monomer of proteins |
| enzymes | proteins that control chemical reactions |
| activation energy | the least amount of energy need in order for a chemical reaction to take place. |
| substrate | the molecule that an enzyme attaches to |
| nucleotides | monomer of nucleic acids |
| deoxyribonucleic acid | contains genetic blueprint |
| ribonucleic acid | used to make proteins |
| acid | forms H- when dissolved in water |
| base | forms HO- when dissolved in water |
| neutralization | acid and base are combined resulting in a salt |
| pH | scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a solution |
| homeostasis | state of balance maintained by the body systems |
