| A | B |
|---|
| the big picture | aftrica is the middle containent |
| Geography | water is important, and isd the main reason that african peoples were not able to easily communicate |
| Spreading of agriculture | permanent villiages emerge, the population increases because of large amounts of food, and teh division of labor/specialization |
| Nok Culture | formed in 500 BC around nigeria, farming and hearding, artizends, metal workers, clothing, weeving pottery making formed basic cultural elements |
| Bantu Language | important language family, roots from n0k culture, developed differently in different places due to the geography |
| Bantu Learning | cultural blending though migration, they grew bananas and taro, they culturalized grain learned to smelt iron. |
| Great Rift Valley | area where many bantu migrated aird region, syria to mozambique new iron tools: weaponry which led to better farming |
| Kush | Kingdom in nubia around 1600 BC, 2000 years long, capital was kerma, trade gold with egypt |
| Egyptian influence | 1525 BC egypt conqures kush, they influence achitecture, fashion and religion |
| kush revolt! | 800-750 bc kush the kushites declare independance and soon take over everything by 715 the asiriyans come and get the kush to move out of egypt |
| New Kush capital | the kush capital of kerma is changed and moved to Meroe |
| Meroe | the city becomes a center of trade, gold production, gold artwork, and learn to smelt iron from assiryans, at about 500bc they learn about making iron |
| whats the big deal with trade | ITS THE MOST IMPORTANT THING EVER |
| Aksum | Area: northern highlands of ethiopia, Agriculture and trade where the big deals, they were local africans and southern arabs, they had writing, coinage, record keeping made easy |
| Aksum + christainity | brought by 2 syrian youths that were ship wrecked, they were a large influence, the king Azana converted to Xianty |
| Aethopia | greek for burnt faces |
| important resources | trade trade and um, trade? |
| Arab conquest of N frica | weathly arabs wanted goods, camal caravans were utilized across the sahara for trade, new empires emerged from it |
| Sonike/Kingdom of ghana | formed around 500 AD ghana protects southern trade, called ghana after their leader which was also called the ghana, tax heavily on salt+gold used the tribute system |
| Kumbi | twin capital of Ghana, muslim bussiness center, ghana is not muslim |
| 3 examples of ideal empire | kings have absolute power, wealth came from gold, got tribute from the conqured. |
| Sundiatu | ruled in the mid 1200s, made new capital, consolidates control of the trade, expandited the empire |
| Abu Bakari | ruled in early 1300, ran sea expeditions and died on one of them |
| Mansa Musa | 1312-1332, devote muslim, name ment emperor moses |
| Songhai | empire in 15-16 |
| Suni Ali | ruled in 1400, camptured timbuktu and led the revolt of the songhai |
| askiu mohammed | devote muslim, he tried to create a muslim empire and did, timbuktu became a scholar town because of him |
| growth of bantu kingdoms | 1 luba ancestor, strong central african agricultural comunity 2 luba, organised by warrior kings 3 kongo starts to trade on the atlantic w/ portugese 4 lunda founded next to the luba, 5 lunda developes many kingdoms that are losely asscioiated |
| the great zimbabwe | late 1100, empire of mwene mutapa, the dwelling of the cheif, gold miners and trade |
| swahili city states | bantu based, on easter coast of africa, african +arab + persian from trade ont eh iddian coast |
| Trade blockades | trade was difficult because no one had the same language, so oral tradition was reied on the most, literacy was needed to spread islam and soon islamic schools were opened to teach the koran |
| Mansa musa strikes back | he was a man that greatly supported the growth of islam in africa |
| african roots | they had polythesic religions with nature gods |
| African respect | it was alot like feile peity |
| Islam speads | is started spreading in 1000 of with intend to force religion of the eirhtiop highlords, xisisim spread at the same time as Islam islam was popular in the west and in trading centers |
| islamic government | the african kings choose islamic people to run certain things to keep the balence of power |
| Lalibela | 1200-1230 (aksum influence) christian ethiopian king ruler started a church building project to build religious strength, they were carved outa solid rock |
| Slaves | inequality increased trade as the wealth of the arabian trades grew and soon the power shifted. slavers werer obtained in war and by crushing smaller people, this made the market grow and the need increased |
