| A | B |
|---|
| Angiosperm | flowering vascular plants that produce fruits containing one or more seeds; monocots and dicots |
| Cambium | vascular tissue that produces xylem and phloem cells as a plant grows |
| Cellulose | chemical compound made out of sugar; forms tangled fibers in the cell walls of many plants and provides structure and support |
| Cuticle | waxy protective layer that covers the stems, leaves, and flowers of many plants and helps prevent water loss |
| Dicot | angiosperm with two cotyledons inside its seed, flower parts in multiples of four or five, and vascular bundles in rings |
| Guard cell | pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing |
| Gymnosperm | vascular plants that do not flower, generally have needlelike or scale-like leaves, and produce seeds that are not protected by fruit; conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes |
| Monocot | angiosperm with one cotyledon inside its seed, flower parts in multiples of three, and vascular tissues in bundles scattered throughout the stem |
| Nonvascular plant | plant that absorbs water and other substances directly through its cell walls instead of tube-like structures |
| Phloem | vascular tissues that forms tubes that transport dissolved sugar throughout a plant |
| Pioneer species | species that break down rock and build up decaying plant material so that other plants can grow; first organisms to grow in new or disturbed areas |
| Rhizoid | threadlike structures that anchor nonvascular plants to the ground |
| Stomata | tiny openings in a plant’s epidermis through which carbon dioxide, water vapor, and oxygen enter and exit |
| Vascular plant | plant with tube-like structures that move minerals, water, and other substances throughout the plant |
