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Life Science Vocabulary Chapter 2

AB
cellsmallest unit that can perform all life processes; covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm
stimulusanything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism
homeostasisthe maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment
sexual reproductionunion of sex cell (gametes) in which offspring share traits from both parents
asexual reproductionreproduction that does not include the union of sex cells, one parent with offspring is identical to parent
hereditythe passing down of genetic traits from parent to offspring
metabolismthe sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism
producerorganism that produces its own food by using energy from its surroundings
consumerorganism that eats other organisms or organic matter to obtain energy
decomposerorganism that gets energy from breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal waste and consuming or absorbing the nutirents
proteinmolecule made up of amino acids that is needed to build and repair body structures and regulate processes in the body
carbohydrateenergy giving nutrients, includes sugars (simple), starches (complex) and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
lipidtype of biochemical that oes not dissolve in water, fats, steroids and lipids
phospholipidslipid that contains phosphorus and is a structural component of the cell membrane
ATPmain energy source for cell processes
nuclei acidsmolecule made of subunits called nucleotides (DNA)



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