| A | B |
| precedent | Act or decision that sets an example for others to follow |
| cabinet | Group of officials who head government departments and advise the President |
| national Debt | Total sum of money a government owes |
| bond | Certificate that promises to pay the holder the money loaned plus interest by a certain date |
| tariff | Tax on foreign goods brought into a country |
| unconstitutional | not permitted by the U.S. Constitution |
| neutral | Choosing not to fight on either side during a war |
| impressment | Act of seizing men from a ship or village and forcing them to serve in the navy |
| alien act | Law that allowed the President to expel foreigners thought to be dangerous to the country |
| sedition act | Law that allowed citizens to be fined or jailed for criticizing public officials |
| states' rights | Idea that individual states have the right to limit the power of the federal government |
| XYZ Affair | Incident in which French agents asked American ambassadors in Paris for a bribe |