| A | B |
|---|
| brain of the cell, controls many cell function | nucleus |
| eyes forward, body erect, arms/legs hanging down, palms/toes forward | anatomical position |
| cuts body front to back at the middle in equal parts | midsagittal plane |
| parallel to ground, divides body at any point | transverse or horizontal plane |
| towards the top | superior aspect |
| towards the bottom | inferior aspect |
| divides the body left to right at any point | coronal or frontal plane |
| towards the front | anterior/ventral aspect |
| towards the back | posterior/dorsal aspect |
| the two ventral cavities | thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity |
| cavity that contains the heart and lungs | thoracic cavity |
| cavity that contains the digestive, reproductive and excretory organs | abdominopelvic cavity |
| number of quadrants of the abdomen | four- URQ, ULQ,LRQ and LLQ |
| number of divisons/regions of the abdomen | nine |
| cardiovascular system | contains the heart and blood vessels |
| Gastrointestinal system | contains mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine, appendix, rectum, anus |
| Musculoskeletal system | contains the bones and muscles |
| medial | towards the middle |
| lateral | towards either side |
| proximal | close to |
| distal | farthest from |
| hypochondriac | below the ribs |
| hypogastric | below the stomach |
| epigastric | abor the stomach |
| iliac or inguinal | near the groin or hipbone |
| umbilical | region by the umbilicus , belly button |
| lumbar | on the side near the large bones of the spinal column |
| pathophysiology | study of how disease occurs |
| physiology | study of how the body works |
| anatomy | study of the structure of an organism |
| tissue | cells of the same type joined together for a common purpose |
| sex cells (gamete) divide, 23 chromosomes | meiosis |
| cells reproduce themselves, same number of chromosomes | mitosis |
| microscopic structure that carries on all functions of life | cell |
| places stem cells are found | blastocyst, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, placenta |
| cells that can transform themselves into any specialized cell | stem cells |
| directional terms are created by these | body planes |
| near the head | cranial |
| near to the point of reference | proximal |
| far from the point of reference | distal |
| dorsal | back of the body, posterior |
| ventral | front of the body, anterior |
| cavity the eyes are in | orbital |
| cavity the mouth is in | buccal |
| cavity the brain is in | cranial |
| two organs in retroperitoneal space | kidneys and adrenal glands |
| below the transverse plane | inferior |
| above the transverse plane | superior |
| cell part, condenses to form chromosomes during cell reproduction | chromatin |
| stack of membrane layers that produces, stores, and packages secretions for discharge from the cell | golgi apparatus |
| site for all chemical reactions that take place in the cell | cytoplasm |
| pocketlike folds in the cell membrane that allow large moleules to enter the cell | pinocytic vesicles |
| where ribosomes are maunfactured in the cell | nucleolus |
| structures that contain digestive enzymes to digest and destroy old cells | lysosomes |
| pouch-like structures that are in the cytoplasm, filled with watery substance, stored food, or waste products | vacuoles |
| the four main groups of tissues | nerve, connective, epithelial, muscle |
| tissue that produces power and movement | muscle |
| tissue that lines the intestinal and respiratory tracts and forms body glands | epithelial |
| body system that includes nose, pharynx,larynx, trachea, bronchi | respiratory system |
| body system that carries some tissue fluid and wastes to the blood and assists with fighting infection | lymphatic system |
| body system that protects the body from injury, infection, and dehydration | integumentary system |
| body system that filters blood to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body | urinary system |
| body cavity in the chest, contains heart, lungs, blood vessels, trachea, esophagus | thoracic |
| inclusive body cavity, includes brain and spinal cord | dorsal cavity |
| cavity that contains the bladder, reproductive organs, and last part of large intestine | pelvic cavity |
| outer protective covering of a cell | cell membrane |
| furnaces or powerhouses of the cell | mitochondria |
| semi-fluid inside a cell | cytoplasm |
| tissues joined together for a particular function | organ |
