| A | B |
| Protestantism | opposed the Catholic church |
| Armada | a war fleet |
| Martin Luther | Famous preacher from 1500's |
| northwest passage | A direct water route that doesn't exist |
| Cabot | explorer that found Newfoundland |
| Verrazano | explored the Carolina's |
| Cartier | Sailed up the river and found Montreal |
| Hudson | Discovered Hudson River |
| Estate owners | Received more land if they brought settlers |
| England | settled colonies along Atlantic Ocean |
| Spain | Settled Florida and Southwest areas |
| France | Settled Northeast North America, and up the Mississippi River |
| Netherlands | Settled New Amsterdam |