| A | B |
|---|
| Movement of substances across the cell membrane that does not require energy from the cell (high concentration to low concentration) | Passive Transport |
| Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; Type of passive transport | Diffusion |
| Diffusion of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; Type of passive transport | Osmosis |
| A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has more dissolved solutes and less water than the cell. This type of solution will cause water to move out of the cell via osmosis, resulting in shrinking of the cell. | Hypertonic |
| A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has less dissolved solutes and more water than the cell. This type of solution will cause water to move into the cell via osmosis, resulting in swelling of the cell. | Hypotonic |
| A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has the same amount of dissolved solutes and the same amount of water as the cell. | Isotonic |
| Substances cross the cell membrane with the help of special carrier proteins. Type of passive transport. | Facillitated Diffusion |
| Movement of particles across a membrane to an area of higher concentration, which requires energy. | Active Transport |
| Proteins that are able to transport ions across the cell membrane from low to high concentration by changing their shape which requires ATP (energy) from the cell. Example: sodium-potassium pump (important in nerve responses) | Ion or Protein Pump |
| Cell brings in a bulky substance from its surroundings by wrapping its membrane around the substance and forming a vesicle. Ex: White blood cells “eat” bacteria using this process. | Endocytosis |
| Cell releases substances by merging a vesicle with the cell membrane and releasing the substances into the fluid around the cell. Ex: cell releases waste products. | Exocytosis |
| Cell membranes are ____ ____, allows certain substances to cross but not others. | Semi-permeable membrane or Selectively permeable membrane |
| Regulation of the internal environment in order to maintain conditions suitable for survival. | Homeostasis |
