| A | B |
|---|
| Carbohydrate | A macromolecule containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen that serves as a major source of energy for living organisms. |
| Carrier (Transport) Proteins | Proteins embedded in the plasma membrane involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules into and out of cells; also called transport proteins. |
| Catalyst | A substance that enables a chemical reaction to proceed at a faster rate or under different conditions than otherwise possible without being changed by the reaction. |
| Cell | The basic unit of structure and function for all living organisms. |
| Cell components | Cells contain three common components: genetic material, cytoplas, and a cell membrane. |
| Cell cycle | The series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication. |
| Cell phases | The three phases of the cell cycle are interphase, nuclear division, and cytokinesis. |
| Cellular Respiration | A complex set of chemical reactions where potential chemical energy in the bonds of "food" is released and partially captured in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules. |
| Chloroplast | An organelle found in plant cells and the cells of other eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms where photosynthesis occurs. |
| Chromosomal Mutation | A change in the structure of a chromosome. |
| Chromosomes | A single piece of coiled DNA and associated proteins found in linear forms in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and circular forms in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. |
| Chromosomes | Contain genes that encode traits. |
| Cloning | A process in which a cell, cell product, or organism is copied from an original source. |
| Co-dominance | A pattern of inheritance in which the phenotypic effect of two alleles in a heterozygous genotype express each phenotype of each allele fully and equally. |
| Cohesion | The intermolecular attraction between like molecules. |
| Community | Different populations of organisms interacting in a shared environment. |
| Competition | When individuals or groups pr organisms compete for similar resources such as territory, mates, water, and food in the same environment. |
| Concentration | The measure of the amount or proportion of a given substance when combined with another substance. |
| Concentration gradient | The graduated difference in concentration of a solute per unit distance through a solution. |
| Consumer | An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms or their remains. |
| Crossing-over | An exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during anaphase 1 of meiosis. |
| Cytokinesis | The final phase of a cell cycle resulting in the division of the cytoplasm. |
