| A | B |
|---|
| lac operon | controls the metabolism of lactose |
| ribonucleic acid | a molecule made of nucleotides linked together |
| RNA polymerase | enzyme involved in transcription |
| messenger RNA | carries the instructio for making a protein from a gene to the site of translation |
| gene | section of DNA that codes for a protein |
| transcription | process of making RNA from DNA |
| codon | set of three bases on mRNA that code for an amino acid, or start, or stop |
| intron | long segments of nucleotides that have no coding information |
| protein | long chain of amino acids twisted and folded into a 3D shape |
| uracil | nitrogenous base that is present in RNA but not in DNA |
| translation | process of making proteins from RNA |
| nucleus | site where transcription occurs |
| cytoplasm | site where translation occurs |
| ribosome | cell structures composed of rRNA and proteins. involved in protein synthesis |
| anticodon | sequence of three bases on tRNA. complementary to mRNA codon |
| transfer RNA | carries amino acids to ribosome |
| exon | portions of mRNA that are translated into protein |
| point mutations | substitution, insertion, deletion |
| AUG | start codon |
| AUU codon | isoleucine |
| CAU codon | GUA anticodon |
