| A | B |
|---|
| Universe | The System + the Surroundings |
| Deposition | A phase change that releases energy to the surroundings changing a gas directly to a solid |
| Surroundings | Everything except the thing you are studying |
| Exothermic | A process that releases energy to the surroundings |
| Endothermic | A process that absorbs energy from the surroundings |
| Thermal Energy | determined by the movement of the molecules and the potential energy of the arrangement of molecules. |
| Temperature | average kinetic energy of the system. |
| Heat | Energy transferred from a warmer substance to a colder one by the collisions of molecules. |
| Thermal Equilibrium | Equilibrium-when two objects or systems reach the same temperature and stop exchanging energy through heat. |
| Heat Transfer | the exchange of thermal energy through conduction, convection or radiation. |
| Specific Heat | Quantity of heat needed to raise 1 gram |
| Heat of Fusion | amount of heat needed to melt 1 gram of a substance at its melting point |
| Heat of Vaporization | amount of heat needed to boil 1 gram of a substance at its boiling point |
| Phase Changes | When energy is added or removed from a system, one phase can change to another |
| Melting | the process of going from a solid to a liquid. This process requires energy to break the bonds that hold the solid together |
| Boiling Point | the temperature where the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to atmospheric pressure. |
| Vapor Pressure | The pressure caused by the collision of a gas on the surface of a liquid in a closed container |
| System | The thing you are studying |
| Freezing | And exothermic process when matter changes from a liquid to a solid |
| Vaporization | A change that requires an input of energy to take a liquid to a gas |
| Condensation | An exothermic phase change from a gas to a liquid |
| Atmospheric Pressure | The pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere |
| Sublimation | An endothermic process changing a solid directly to a gas |
| Volatile | A substance that evaporates very easily |
