| A | B |
|---|
| Sumerians | first civilization of the fertile crescent |
| Menes | king who united Egypt |
| Lydians | first to use coins in their business dealings |
| Moses | received the Ten Commandments from Yahweh |
| Assyrians | conquered most of the fertile crescent and Egypt and the first to govern a large empire |
| Zoraster | founded a religion in Persia |
| Phoenicians | the greatest traders and sailors of ancient times |
| Hatshepsut | first known female pharaoh of Egypt |
| developed harsh law codes | Hammurabi |
| Sargon | Akkadian king who established an empire in Mesopotamia |
| pyramids | tombs for Egyptian rulers |
| hieroglyphics | ancient Egyptian writing |
| strong rulers | factor that contributed in holding ancient empires together |
| written laws | characteristics of Babylonians and Hebrews |
| weak rulers | contributed in the collapse of Egypt's Old Kingdom |
| Nile River | reason for development of civilization in Egypt |
| Persians | conquered the greatest amount of territory |
| Hebrews | practiced monotheism |
| fertile crescent | frequently invaded because of water and good land |
| Phoenicians | developed the alphabet |
| dynasty | a family of rulers |
| barter economy | exchanging goods and services for other goods and services without using money |
| ethical monotheism | contribution of the Hebrews |
| Hittites and Chaldeans | peoples who invaded the fertile crescent |
| Osiris | Egyptian god of death |
| Babylon | civilization that settled along the Euphrates River in the Fertile Crescent |
| Phoenicia | located along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea |
| Sumerians and Egyptians | both worshipped many gods (polytheism), believed in an afterlife, gods associated with nature and heavenly bodies |
| Egyptians | mummified dead |
| Egypt's geography, river,desert | provided protection, fertile soil, food surplus |
| money economy vs. barter economy | money economy - a buyer pays for goods or services with coins or similar units of value; a barter economy the buyer pays for goods or services by providing other goods or services in return |
| similarities between Babylonian and Hebrew governments | both Babylonians and Hebrews provided written set of laws, |
| differences between Babylonian and Hebrew religion | Babylonian polytheistic, Hebrews monotheistic |
| results of Phoenician geography | because land was not suitable for agriculture and mountains were to the east, sailing and trading were alternative |
| similarities of Moses and Zoraster | both passed religious teachings to their peoples - Hebrews and Persians; based on ideas of good, evil and proper behavior |
