| A | B |
|---|
| heart | pump that circulates blood throughout the body |
| heart valves | tissue flaps(doors) that keep blood traveling through the heart in the correct direction |
| pericardium | membrane(2 layer sac) around the heart |
| myocardium | heart muscle cells |
| endocardium | membrane lining the chambers of the heart |
| arteries | vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
| veins | vessels that carry blood toward the heart |
| capillaries | tiny vessels with thin walls that enable materials to move in and out of the blood and the tissue cells |
| plasma | liquid portion of the blood |
| erythrocyte(RBC) | red blood cell (carry oxygen) |
| leukocyte(WBC) | white blood cell (combat invaders) |
| thrombocyte (plt) | blood cell that aid inclotting (AKA platelets) |
| lymph | the interstitial fluid that get collected, and transported through the lymphatic vessels |
| lymphatic system | system of vessels(capillaries, vessels, and glands) that collect and carry lymph back to the circulatory system |
| lymph nodes | spherical bodies or glands that filter the lymph for bacteria and other pathogens |
| atherosclerosis | fatty plaque deposited on the inner arterial wall |
| bradycardia | slow heart rate < 60 beats per minute |
| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
| cardiomyopathy | disease of the heart muscle |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart |
| ischemia | deficiency of blood flow |
| pericarditis | inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| tachycardia | fast heart rate > 100 beats per minute |
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein in association with a clot |
| hematoma | collection of blood resulting from a broken blood vessel |
| thrombus | blood clot attached to the inner wall of a vessel |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lymph gland(node) |
| lymphoma | malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| aneurysm | bulge in an artery secondary to an area of weakness in the artery wall |
| angina | chest pain secondary to ischemic myocardial tissue |
| arrythmia | abnormality in the hearts normal rhythm |
| cardiac arrest | sudden cessation of the heart |
| congestive heart failure(CHF) | inability of heart to pump enough blood through the body |
| coronary artery disease(CAD) | atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries |
| deep vein thrombosis(DVT) | condition of a thrombus in a deep vein, usually in the leg |
| claudication | leg pain secondary to ischemic skeletal muscles |
| myocardial infarction(MI) | death of myocardial tissue secondary to no blood supply (AKA heart attack) |
| peripheral arterial disease(PAD) | atherosclerosis in th arteries of the arms or legs |
| varicose vein | distended or bulging vein resulting from blood backing up in the vein |
| anemia | decreased number of erythrocytes |
| embolus | blood clot that is flowing with the blood through the vessels |
| hemophilia | inherited deficiency of the clotting system |
| leukemia | malignant bone marrow cancer resulting in an excessive number of abnormal leukocytes |
| sepsis | bacteria in the blood stream(AKA septicemia) |
| Hodgkin disease | malignant cancer of the lymphatic tissue |
| mononucleosis | acute viral infection that affects the monocytes |
| angioplasty | surgical repair a blood vessel (can be done with an arterial catheter and a balloon) |
| atherectomy | excision of fatty plaque from an artery |
| pericardiocentesis | aspirate fluid from the pericardium |
| phlebotomy | incision into a vein(AKA venipuncture) |
| valvuloplasty | surgical repair of a valve |
| splenectomy | excision of the spleen |
| pacemaker | device implanted under the skin that stimulates the heart to maintain a normal rhythm |
| coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) | surgical procedure that attaches new vessels that carry blood to the myocardium, bypassing the atherosclerotic coronary arteries |
| stent | device inserted into an artery that keeps the lumen open |
| implantable cardiac defibrillator(ICD) | device implanted in the body that shocks the heart converting it to normal rhythm when necessary |
| bone marrow biopsy | obtain a sample of bone marrow for microscopic viewing |
| bone marrow transplant | infusion of healthy bone marrow cells from a donor into recipient |
| angiography | X ray imaging of a blood vessel after the injection of contrast medium(dye) |
| echocardiogram(ECHO) | image of the heart using sound waves |
| electrocardiogram(ECG) | image of the electrical activity through the myocardium |
| doppler ultrasound | study that uses sound waves to detect abnormalities in blood flow through a vessel |
| exercise stress test | heart test that is done while the patient is doing physical activity |
| cardiac catheterization(heart cath) | A catheter is used put dye into the coronary arteries to X-ray them |
| blood pressure(BP) | the amount of pressure exerted by the blood against the atery walls |
| pulse | the expansion of the artery walls as blood flow increases during systole |
| sphygmomanometer | device used for measuring blood pressure(BP cuff) |
| lipid profile | blood test used to measure the amount of lipids in a sample of blood |
| complete blood count(CBC) | blood test that measures cell numbers, and cell morphology |
| hematocrit(HCT) | blood test that measures the amount of RBC/whole blood(%) |
| hemoglobin(Hgb) | blood test that measures an average amount hemoglobin(oxygen carrier) in the RBC's |
| prothrombin time(PT) and partial thromboplastin time(PTT) | blood tests that measures certain coagulation activity |
| cardiologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the heart |
| intravenous(IV) | pertaining to within the vein |
| hematologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood |
| hemolysis | lysis (death and breakage) of RBC's |
| thrombolysis | breakdown of a blood clot |
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) | provision of emergency ventilations and chest compression that push blood through heart and vessels |
| defibrillation | application of electric shock to myocardium to restore narmal rhythm |
| diastole | relaxation of the myocardium allowing heart chambers to fill with blood |
| fibrillation | rapid, quivering, noncoordinated contractions of the myocardium |
| murmur | humming noise auscultated if there is turbulence in the blood flowing through the heart |
| dyslipidemia | high amounts of the bad cholesterols or low amounts of the good cholesterols in the blood resulting in risk of developing atherosclerosis |
| hypertension(HTN) | blood pressure greater than normal |
| hypotension | blood pressure that is below normal |
| lumen | space or opening within the blood vessel |
| occlude | to close or block the opening(in a vessel) |
| systole | contraction of the myocardium resulting in partial closure of the heart chambers and pushing blood through the arterial system |
| vasoconstrictor | medication that tightens vessel walls, shrinking the lumen, and increasing BP |
| vasodilator | medication that relaxes the vessel wall, enlarging the lumen and decreasing BP |
| allergen | substance that produces an allergic reaction |
| anaphylaxis | a life threatening reaction results in hypotensive shock that is caused by an allergen |
| antibody | protein in the blood that attack antigens (AKA immunoglobulin) |
| antigen | any invader or foreign substance the body is exposed to |
| auto immune disease | situation occuring when antibodies attack healthy tissue |
| immunodeficiency | immune system dysfunction |
| vaccine | injection(Immunization) that results in the production of antibodies |
| thrombosis | abnormal condition of blood clot |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the artery walls |
| cardiology | study of the heart |
| lipids | fat molecules carried in the blood stream |
| hematology | the study of blood and blood disorders |
| arteriogram | Xray image of an artery after injection of contrast media |
| venogram | Xray image of a vein after the injection of contrast media |
| anticoagulant | medication that slows blood clotting |
| hemorrage | rapid loss of blood |
