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Atom and Periodic Table 1

Periodicity Vocabulary

AB
nucleusthe tiny central core of an atom
protonparticle with a positive charge in the nucleus of an atom
neutronneutral particle in the nucleus of an atom
electronnegatively charged particle which moves in the area around the nucleus of an atom
atomic numberthe number of protons in an elements atom
atomic massthe average mass of one atom of an elemen
valence electronelectrons farthest away from the nucleus and involved in the formation of chemical bonds
electron dot diagramsa diagram using symbols and dots to represent the valence electrons of elements
atomic mass unit (amu)unit used to measure the mass of particles in atoms
periodic tabletable of elements in which the properties repeat in each period or row
groupvertical column of the periodic table
familyanother name for a vertical column of the periodic table
periodhorizontal row across the periodic table
malleablecapable of being pounded into shapes
ductilecapable of being pulled or drawn into a long wire
conductorability to transmit heat and electricity easily
magneticproperty of being attracted to magnets or capable of being made into a magnetic
corrosionthe gradual wearing away of a metal element due to chemical reaction
alkali metalthe most reactive elements which are group 1 metals
alkaline earth metalhighly reactive elements found in group 2
transition metalelements in groups 3 through 12
lanthaniderare earth elements placed below the periodic table and fit period 6
actiniderare earth elements placed below the periodic table and fit period 7
nonmetalelements to the right of the zigzag line in the periodic table
halogen familygroup 17 elements which have 7 valence electrons
noble gasgroup 18 elements which have 8 valence electrons and are stable unreactive gases
metalloidhave some of the characteristics of metals and of nonmetals
semiconductorsubstances that under some conditions carry electricity like metal and at under other conditions do not carry electricity
plasmastate of matter in which atoms are stripped of their electrons and nuclei are packed close together
nuclear fusionatomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus


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