| A | B |
|---|
The cell below is a(n) _____ cell.,  | animal p.100, |
The cell below is a(n) _____ cell.,  | plant p.101, |
| The ____ is the simplest collection of matter that can be alive. | cell p94 |
| The first microscopes, as well as the microscopes that we use in lab, are called ____. | light microscopes (LM) p.95 |
| ______ in microscopy is the ratio of an object's image size to its real size. | Magnification p.95 |
| _____ is a measure of the clarity of an image under a microscope and is defined as the minimum distance that ______ can be separated and still be distinguished as _____. | Resolution, two points, two points p95 |
| _________ microscopes focus a beam of electrons through the specimen or onto its surface. | Electron microscopes p95 |
| The type of electron microscope that produces 3-D images of the surface of a specimen is called a ____. | scanning electron microscope (SEM) p95,  |
| The type of electron microscope that produces a two dimensional picture of a thinly sliced cross section of a specimen is called a ______. | transmission electron microscope (TEM) p95 |
| The study of cells is called _____. | cytology p97 |
| The semifluid, jellylike substance in which organelles are found is called _____. | cytosol p.98 |
| The entire region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells is called the ____. | cytoplasm (which includes the cytoplasm and the organelles, other than the nucleus) p.98, 
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| The major reason that cells can't get too big is that as they get bigger, their _____ grows faster than their ____. | volume grows faster than their surface area (A cells requirement for nutrients and production of waste is proportional to its volume, but its ability to get nutrients in and waste out through the plasma membrane is proportional to the surface area of the plasma membrane) p.99 |
| The ________ directs protein synthesis by synthesizing m-RNA according to instructions provided by ______. | nucleus, DNA p.102 |
| The nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the ______ which has holes called _____ to allow materials to go back and forth between the cytoplasm and the interior of the nucleus. | nuclear membrane, nuclear pores p.102-103 |
| The dark structure inside the nucleus is called the _____. It's job is to make the large and small subunits of ______. | nucleolus, ribosomes p.102,
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| ________ are particles that carry out protein synthesis when _____ attaches to them to deliver the instructions. | Ribosomes, m-RNA p.102 |
| Where would find free ribosomes ____________. | suspended in the cytosol p.102 |
| Bound ribosomes would be found attached to the outside of the _____ or the _____. | endoplasmic reticulum or nuclear envelope p.102 |
The "B" is pointing to ____ in the picture below.,  | the stroma of a chloroplast (like the cytosol of the chloroplast) p.111, |
| The "C" is pointing to ____ in the picture below., | the inner and outer membranes of the chloroplast p.111, |
| The "D" is pointing to ____ in the picture below., | a granum in a chloroplast (singular of grana) - a granum is a stack of thylakoids. p.111, |
| The "E" is pointing to ____ in the picture below., | a single thylakoid in a chloroplast p.111, |
What is "A" in the picture below?,  | A mitochondrion p.110, |
| What is "B" in the picture below?, | the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion p.110, |
| What is "C" in the picture below?, | the outer membrane of the mitochondrion p.110, |
| What is "D" in the picture below?, | The inner membrane of the mitochondrion p.110, |
| What is "E" in the picture below?, | Cristae of the mitochondrion (folds of inner membrane) p.110, |
| What is "F" in the picture below?, | the matrix of the mitochondrion (the inner compartment) p.110, |
Which organelle is shown in this micrograph?,  | a mitochondrion p.110, |
| The ______ ER does not have ribosomes attached to its outer surface. | smooth p.105 |
| The ______ ER has ribosomes attached to its outer surface. | rough p.105 |
| The smooth ER does not have ________ attached to its outer surface. | ribosomes p.105 |
| The rough ER has ________ attached to its outer surface. | ribosomes p.105 |
| The _____ can be thought of as a center for warehousing, sorting, and shipping, and even some manufacturing. | golgi apparatus p.105 |
| A(n) _____ is a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that an animal cell uses to digest all kinds of macromolecules. | lysosome p.106 |
| Mature plant cells contain a large _________ enclosed by a membrane called a tonoplast. | central vacuole p.108 |
| The ____ and _____ are organelles that convert energy into more useable forms for eukaryotic cells. | mitochondria and chloroplasts p.109 |
| Which two organelles have their own ribosomes and DNA that are different from the rest of the cell's DNA and ribosomes? | mitochondria and chloroplasts p.109 |
| Which organelle is involved with cellular respiration? | mitochondria p.109 |
| The mitochondria is involved with the process of _____. | cellular respiration p.109 |
| The chloroplast is involved with the process of _____. | photosynthesis p.109 |
| Which organelle is involved with photosynthesis? | chloroplast p.109 |
| The space between the inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria is called the _____. | intermembrane space p.109,  |
| The space inside of the inner membrane of the mitochondria is called the ____. | mitochondrial matrix p.110, |
| The flattened interconnecting sacs inside chloroplasts are called ____. | thylakoids ("E" in the picture below) p.111, |
| A stack of thylakoids is called a ______. | granum ("D" in the picture below) p.111, |
| The space between the thylakoids and the inner membrane of the chloroplast is called the ____. | stroma p.111 |
| The green photosynthetic pigment in _____ is called _____. | chloroplasts, chlorophyll p.110 |
| _____, especially prominant in the liver, help detoxify alcohol and other poisons by transferring hydrogen from the poisons to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. | Peroxisomes p.111 |
| Hydrogen peroxide produced in peroxisomes during oxidative reactions is quickly broken down by ____, also produced by peroxisomes. | catalase (This info is not in the chapter, but it is the enzyme we are doing a major research project on, so you should know it) |
| The _______ is a network of fibers that organizes structures and activities of the cell. | cytoskeleton p.112,  |
| Within the centrosome of animal cells are a pair of ______ that seem to help with separation of chromosomes during mitosis. | centrioles p.114 |
| Many single-cell organism have either _____ or ______, both with the same "9 + 2" arrangement of microtubules, to help propel them through the water. The ____ are the longer of the two. | cilia, flagella, flagella are longer (The picture below is a photosynthetic protist called Euglena that uses its flagellum to move through water) p.114,  |
| Microfilaments (actin filaments) often work in conjunction with a protein called _____ to cause contraction in such things as muscle cells, pinching of the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis, or movement of pseudopods in amoebae. | myosin p.117,  |
| The cell wall of plants is made mostly of ______. | cellulose p.118 |
| In eukaryotic cells, where is the DNA located? | In the nucleus (although some organelles, like chloroplasts and mitochondria, contain small amounts of their own DNA) p.98 |
| The major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that prokaryotic cells do not store their DNA inside a(n) ____ and they lack other ____ organelles as well. | nucleus, membrane-bound organelles (Ribosomes, which are found in both types of cells, are not membrane-bound. Instead, they can best be described as solid structures with no interior region) p. 98 |
