| A | B |
| APPLIED RESEARCH | MARKETING RESEARCH THAT STUDIES EXISTING PRODUCTS TO DEVELOP IMPROVEMENTS |
| PURE RESEARCH | DISCOVERS NEW SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS |
| PRODUCT DESIGN | CREATING A MODEL AND DECIDING DESIGN |
| CPI | CONTINUOUS PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT |
| QUALITY CONTROL | CORRECTING PRODUCT ERRORS |
| CULTIVATION AND EXTRACTION | PROCESS OF TAKING NATURAL RESOURCES AND USE FOR PRODUCTION |
| PROCESSING | PROCESSING OF CHANGING NATURAL RESOURCES INTO A USABLE FORMAT FOR MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS |
| MANUFACTURING | ASSEMBLING PRODUCTS FROM NATURAL RESOURCES IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER ITEMS |
| MASS MANUFACTURING | CREATING MANY PRODUCTS ASSEMBLY LINE STYLE SUCH AS NIKE SHOES |
| CUSTOM MANUFACTURING | ASSEMBLING ITEMS PRODUCTION LINE STYLE BUT SPECIALIZED SUCH AS PROSTHETIC LIMBS |