| A | B |
|---|
| What are the three parts of an atom? | protons, neutrons, electrons |
| What is in the nucleus of an atom? | protons and neutrons |
| What is an ion? | an atom that has gained or lost an electron |
| What is a charged atom? | an ion |
| What is an isotope? | when an atom has gained or lost neutrons |
| What are valence electrons? | electrons on the outermost shell and are avaiilable to make bonds |
| What is an ionic bond? | when electrons are transferred |
| What is a covalent bond? | when electrons are shared |
| What does every organic compound have? | carbon |
| What does pH stand for? | potential of hydrogen |
| On the pH scale, what are acids? | 0-6 |
| On the pH scale, what is neutral? | 7 |
| On the pH scale, what are bases? | 8-14 |
| When a liquid has a high concentration of H+ ions, what is it? | acidic |
| When a liquid has a high concentration of OH- ions, what is it? | basic |
| What is a buffer? | a weak acid or base that can bring the solution closer to neutral |
| What are the three properties of water? | adhesion, cohesion, surface tension |
| What are the four biomolecules of life? | proteins,lipids,carbohydrates,nucleic acids |
| What is a monomer? | a single unit of each biomolecule |
| What is a polymer? | many units of each biomolecule |
| What elements do carbohydrates contain? | Carbon,Hydrogen and Oxygen |
| What are examples of monsaccharides? | fructose and glucose |
| What is an example of a disaccharide? | sucrose |
| What are examples of a polysaccharide? | cellulose,glycogen,starch |
| Where is cellulose found? | cell walls of plants |
| What is a biological function of starch? | carbohydrate storage in plants |
| What is glucose + glucose equal? | maltose |
| What is glucose + frutose equal? | sucrose |
| What are two monosaccharides? | a disaccharide |
| What is a peptide bond? | a covalent bond where one molecule of water is lost |
| What is the monomer of protein? | amino acid |
| What is a polymer of protein? | polypeptide |
| What is the three parts of an amino acid? | amino group,carboxyl group,R group |
| What happens in the primary structure of protein folding? | chain of amino acids by peptide bonds |
| What happens in the secondary structure of protein folding? | hydrogen bonding,formation of alpha helix and beta pleated sheets |
| What happens in the tertiary structure of protein folding? | hydrophobic and hydorphilic interactions |
| What happens in the quaternary structure of protein folding? | protein has multiple protein subunits, not in all proteins |
| What is an enzyme? | a biological catalyst, start up a reaction |
| What does a substrate of an enzyme bind to so a reaction can occur? | the active site of the enzyme |
| What does denaturating a protein mean? | When a protein loses its shape due to temperature or pH |
| What are four types of lipids? | triglycerides,phospholipids,waxes,steriods |
| What are saturated fats? | fats that have no double bonds,solid at room temperature |
| What are unsaturated fats? | at least one double bond, liquid or soft at room temperature |
| What is the monomer of a nucleic acid? | nucleotide |
| What are two types of nucleic acids? | RNA and DNA |
