| A | B |
| colonial expansion | the expanding of territories by rival nations |
| global exploration | exploring unknown regions of the world |
| current | moving streams of water running through the oceans |
| wind | the movement of air |
| empire | a group of territories or nations under a single ruler or government |
| line of demarcation | an imaginary line running down the middle of the atlantic from the North Pole to the South Pole |
| circumnavigation | circling the world by ship |
| conquistador | Spanish conqueror |
| navigate | to set a ship's course over water |
| compass | a device using a magnetized needle to determine direction |