| A | B |
|---|
| Iroquois League | Political alliance designed to keep the peace |
| Anasazis | Southwestern group that moved from pueblos to cliff dwellings |
| kiva | Large underground ceremonial chamber |
| potlatch | Ceremony where guests acknowledge the host's high status by accepting lavish gifts |
| Inuits | Arctic people who immigrated from Siberia |
| Natchez | People through which the Mississippian traditions survived |
| protection from raiders | Anasazi advantage of moving into pueblos |
| Human sacrifice to Huitzilopochtli | give the sun strength to rise each day |
| Teotihuacan | City that dominated the Valley of Mexico between A.D. 100 and 750. |
| tribute | Payment from conquered people |
| Huitzilopochtli | The Aztec sun god |
| Tenochtitlan | The Aztec capital city in Lake Texcoco |
| Tikal | Largest Mayan city |
| Huns | Nomads who swept across Central Asia |
| Constantine | Built a new capital in the eastern Roman empire |
| Visigoths | Germanic people who sought safety in Roman territory |
| Diocletian | Divided the Roman empire into two parts |
| mercenary | Foreign soldier serving for pay |
| Pantheon | Domed temple to all the Roman gods |
| Virgil | Portrayed Rome's heroic past in the Aeneid |
| civil law | System of law that applied to citizens |
| Livy | His history of Rome sought to rouse patriotic feelings |
| acqueduct | Structures that carried water into cities |
| Pax Romana | 200 year period of Roman peace |
| Circus Maximus | Site of Roman chariot races. |
| Augustus | Defeated Marc Antony to become "princeps", or first citizen |
| Julius Caesar | Brought Gaul under Roman control |
| Hadrian | Built Roman defenses in Britain |
| Jupiter | Roman equivalent to the Greek god Zeus |
| patrician | Member of the landholding upper class |
| dictator | Ruler with complete governmental control |
| republic | Government with officials chosen by the people |
| consul | People elected to supervise the business of government and command armies |
| plebeian | The majority of the population made up of farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders |
| Stoic philosophy | to avoid desires and calmly accept whatever life brought |
| Pythagoras | Developed the theory that A squared plus B squared equals C squared. |
| Philip of Macedon | Defeated Athens and Thebes at Chaeronea |
| Archimedes | Mastered the use of the lever and pulley |
| Hippocrates | Created an oath that set ethical standards for doctors |
| Euclid | Developed basic geometry |
| Socratic Method | help others seek truth and self-knowledge |
| Aristotle | Founded the Lyceum |
| Herodotus | Wrote the "Persian Wars" |
| Plato | Wrote "The Republic" |
| rhetoric | The art of skillful speaking |
| tragedy | Play that told the story of human suffering |
| Age of Pericles | It was a golden age when the city became wealthier and more democratic |
| Delian League | formed to guard against future attacks from Persia |
| "Iliad" and "The Odyssey" | reveal much about the values of ancient Greeks |
| Homer | Great poet who wrote the "Iliad" |
| Knossos | Site of the palace of the Minoan rulers |
| Heinrich Schliemann | Businessman who proved that the Trojan War really occurred |
| strait | narrow water passage |
| Trojan War | Conflict caused by economic rivalry |
| Mahayana Buddhism | offered the chance for anyone to achieve salvation |
| Daoist belief | government is best when it governs least |
| legalism | pass strict laws and enforce them with harsh punishments |
| Patriarchal household | the eldest male was held in esteem for his wisdom and experience |
| Mahayana | easiest sect of Buddhism for people to follow |
| eight fold path | helps overcome the desire for material things |
| ultimate goal of Hindu existence | to achieve union with brahman |
