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| Domain | The set of all possible values of the independent variable on which a function or relation is allowed to operate. Also, the first numbers in the ordered pairs of a relation |
| Elimination Method | A method by which a system of linear equations can be solved. It uses addition or subtraction in combination with multiplication or division to eliminate one of the variables in order to solve for the other variable. |
| Equation | A mathematical statement or sentence that says one mathematical expression or quantity is equal to another (e.g., x + 5 = y – 7). |
| Estimation Strategy | An approximation based on a judgment; may include determining approximate values, establishing the reasonableness of answers, assessing the amount of error resulting from estimation, and/or determining if an error is within acceptable limits. |
| Exponent | The power to which a number or expression is raised. |
| Exponential Equation | An equation with variables in its exponents (e.g., 4x = 50). |
| Exponential Expression | An expression in which the variable occurs in the exponent (such as 4x rather than x4). |
| Exponential Function | A function whose general equation is y = a • bx where a and b are constants. |
| Exponential Growth/Decay | A situation where a quantity increases or decreases exponentially by the same factor over time; it is used for such phenomena as inflation, population growth, radioactivity or depreciation. |
| Expression | A mathematical phrase that includes operations, numbers, and/or variables (e.g., 2x + 3y is an algebraic expression, 13.4 – 4.7 is a numeric expression). |
| Factor (noun) | The number or expression that is multiplied by another to get a product |
| Factor (verb) | To express or write a number, monomial, or polynomial as a product of two or more factors. |
| Factor a Monomial | To express a monomial as the product of two or more monomials. |
| Factor a Polynomial | To express a polynomial as the product of monomials and/or polynomials |
| Frequency | How often something occurs |
| Function | A relation in which each value of an independent variable is associated with a unique value of a dependent variable (e.g., one element of the domain is paired with one and only one element of the range). |
| Fundamental Counting Principle | A way to calculate all of the possible combinations of a given number of events. It states that if there are x different ways of doing one thing and y different ways of doing another thing, then there are xy different ways of doing both things. It uses the multiplication rule. |
| Geometric Sequence | An ordered list of numbers that has the same ratio between consecutive terms |
| Greatest Common Factor | The largest factor that two or more numbers or algebraic terms have in common. |
| Imaginary Number | The square root of a negative number, or the opposite of the square root of a negative number. |
| Independent Event(s) | Two or more events in which the outcome of one event does not affect the outcome of the other event(s) |
| Independent Variable | The input number or variable in a relation or function whose value is subject to choice. It is not dependent upon any other values. |
