| A | B |
| Silla | Korean dynasty that recognized Tang emperor as overlord |
| Uighurs | Turks whom China brought in to defend |
| samurai | warriors who enforced authority of Japanese lords |
| Harsha | ruler of northern India after Gupta |
| Melaka | state that became Muslim and controlled SE Asian maritime trade |
| Funan | sea-trading kingdom that controlled link between China and India |
| bhakti | cult that blended Hindu and Islam |
| Sufi | Muslim missionaries who emphasized devotion to Allah |
| Harun al-Rashid | caliph who ruled during high point of Abbasid dynasty |
| Umayyads | Muslim dynasty with tight centralized rule |
| iconoclasm | destroying religious images |
| theme | Byzantine system in which a general ruled a province |