| A | B |
|---|
| Genetics | The scientific study of heredity |
| genes | The set of info that controls a trait |
| alleles | The different forms of a gene. |
| probability | A number that sescribes how likely it is that an event will occur. |
| punnett Square | A chart that shows all the possilbe combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. |
| phenotype | An organism's physical appearance or visible traits. |
| Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup or allele combinations.. |
| homozygous | Having two identicla alleles for a trait. |
| heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait. |
| reproduction | the sex cells both carring half the genetic information join to form an new zygote or individual |
| chromosomes | a double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic info. |
| meiosis | The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. |
| protien synthesis | The cell uses info from a gene on a chromosome to produce a specific protein. |
| messenger RNA | RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm. |
| Transfer RNA | RNA in the cytoplasm that carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds it to the growing protein chain. |
| mutations | a change in a gene or a chromosome. |
| Multiple alleles | Three or more alleles that code for a single trait. |
| sex chromosomes | A pair of chromosomes carring genes that determine whether a person is a male or a female. |
| sex-linked genes | A gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosomes. |
| carrier | A person who has one recessive trait for a trait but does not have the trait. |
| genetic disorder | An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes. |
| pedigree | a chart or family tree that tracks which member of a family have a particular trait. |
| karyotype | A picture of all the chromosomes in a cll arranged in pairs. |
