| A | B |
| irrigation | A means of supplying land with water. |
| merchant | A person who makes money by selling goods |
| culture | A characteristic of civilization that includes the beliefs and behaviors of a society or a group of people |
| capital | A city that is the center of government |
| levee | A wall of earth built to prevent a river from flooding its banks. |
| artisan | A craftsperson |
| cuneiform | Writing that uses wedge-shaped characters |
| city-state | An early city that was like a small, independent country with its own laws and government. |
| scribe | A person who writes |
| pictograph | A symbol that stands for an object |
| tribute | Wealth sent from one country or ruler to another as a sign that the other is superior |
| civilization | A society marked by developed arts, sciences, government and social structure. |
| ziggurat | An ancient Mesopotamian temple tower with outside staircases and a shrine at the top |
| empire | A large territory in which several groups of people are ruled by a single leader or government |
| economy | The way a region or country uses resources to produce and sell or trade goods and services to meet people’s needs and wants |