| A | B |
| Napdeonic Code | legal system in France based on Enlighten ideals |
| Peninsulares | Colonial leaders born in either Spain or Portugal |
| Creoles | Decendants of Portugese or Spanish settlers born in the colonies |
| Mestizos | People of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry |
| Caudillos | Dictators who ruled by military force (martial law) |
| Mulattos | People of mixed African and European descent, including slaves |
| industrialism | the use of machines, not humanjor animal power |
| agricultural revolution | sweeping change in farming |
| Enclosure Movement | large landowner fenced off land to concentrate on one cash crop |
| textiles | industries of woven cloth |