| A | B |
| physical features | characteristics from nature including landforms and bodies of water |
| migration patterns | how, why,and where people move |
| Columbian Exchange | routes used for the first exhange of goods between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres |
| American popular culture | music, fashion, movies, and entertainment which originated in US and spread throughout the world |
| Political boundaries | a formal region whith the same governing body |
| democracy | citizens have a voice and can vote for leadership |
| dictatorship | one person has total control; citizens have no say in government |
| monarchy | leader inherits the leadership position; most often a king or queen |
| republic | rule is with the people |
| theocracy | government is based on religous beliefs |
| totalitarian system | every aspect of life is controlled by the government |
| international | worldwide, involving many countries |
| nationalism | belief that a country is better than others |
| patriotism | have pride in one's country |
| sovereign nation | independent country |
| Imperialism | extending the power of one nation by acquiring territory (usually through force or influence) |
| Colonialism | control by one power over a dependent area or people |
| Revolution | sudden, radical or complete change |
| Apartheid | racial segregation |
| hierarchy | the classification of a grop of people according to aility or to economic, social, or professional standing |
| domestic | having to do with one's own homeland/country |
| public policy | system of laws and regulations enforced by a government to address a public issue |
| citizens | members of a country |
| nation | country with borders and an organized government which freely exercises authority within the borders |