| A | B |
|---|
| cell membrane | seperates the cell from its enviroment and controls what goes in and out of the cell |
| what comes in through the cell membrane | sugars, proteins, fats, salts, oxygen, hydrogen |
| out of the cell through the cell membrane | waste like ammoniai, salts, carbon dioxide, water, proteins |
| substance that doesnt mix with water | oil |
| what is the lipid the membrane is made out of | phospholipid (phospholipid bilayer if it is a double layer) |
| semi-permeable membrane | only allows some materials through |
| molecules that get through the cell membrane directly | fats and oils |
| protein channels | allow material in and out. Specific channels allow specific materials in and out |
| what are channels made up of | proteins |
| what acts like door in the membrane | proteins |
| diffusion | movement of substance from high to low concentration |
| passive transport | movement of high to low without the use of energy |
| facilitated diffusion | move from high to low through a channel (no energy needed) |
| active transport | moves substances from low to high with the use of energy. Requires a protein pump (atp) |
| osmosis | diffusion of water from high to low across a semi permable membrane |
| isotonic | a solution that causes no change in cell size |
| hypertonic | a solution that causes a cell to shrink because of water leaving the cell |
| hypotonic | a solution that causes a cell to swell because of too much water in the cell |
| a cell in freshwater | if a cell gains water, it can burst but it uses a contractlile vacuole |
| a cell in saltwater | cell loses water and it takes up more water |
| balanced conditions in cell | no difference between concentration of water between cell and enviroment |
